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Short term memory

• also know as working memory
  • You can hold 7 plus or minus 2 items in your short term memory
• HM- most famous neurological patient
  • had epilepsy and had a large part of hippocampus remove so
  • Lost ability to turn new short-term memories into long-term ones. Mentally frozen in time. i.e. He will do the same puzzle day after day, claiming he has never seen it before.
  • anterorgrade amnesia
  • did have procedural memory

remote memories

• go back to childhood, native language,

explicit/ declarative memory

• concerns facts or events you are conscious of them
  • 2 types
    • episodic: graduation from High School
    • semantic: who is the 16th president
• examples
  • I am a mammal, today is monday, my dentist has think brows, birthday
• associated with cortex and hippocampus
  • memories are stored in your cortex
  • the hippocampus is how you place and access memories in the cortex
    • part of the midbrain
    • where new neurons grow
    • Glucocorticoid nuerotoxity can cause a smaller hippocampus
      • Glucocorticoid nuerotoxity problems
        • Cushings Disease
        • PTSD
        • Jet Lag
        • Depression
        • Aging
        • Transient atrophy of neural processes which probably explain memory problems during chronic stress. Memories are not gone just harder to access

Implicit memories/ procedural

• knowing how to do things without thinking
  • doing a cartwheel riding a bike, shifting gears
• explicit can be implicit over time through repetition
• associated with the cerebellum
  • is relevant to implicit procedural memory, the type needed to perform reflexive motor actions without even consciously thinking about them, where so to speak, your body remembers how to do something before you do
• during long term stress memories are fine

Non declarative implicit memories

• 3 types
  • priming
    • occurs when prior processing of a stimulus makes later processing easier, faster, or more accurate.
      • learning how to give a shot, each time you do it you're faster and its easier (earlier experience affects later performance
  • classical conditioning
    • a form of learning in which an originally neutral stimulus, by repeated pairing with a stimulus that normally elicits a response, comes to elicit a similar or even identical response.
    • involves learning an association between the CS and the UCS
    • Little albert - wanted to make him scared of little white bunny. They gave him bunny and played large boom every time. He learned that if he held the bunny he would be scared. This generalized and he became scared of all furry things.
  • procedural

memories dealing emotions with anxiety is the amyglada

• Amydgala gets highly activated during long term stress and sends a large influential neuronal projection to the hippocampus.

Flash Bulb Memory

• people vividly remember some highly aroused scene, such as a crime they witnessed. Memory for the emotional component is enhanced, where as memory for neural details is not.