First Aid-Check, Call, Care

First Aid-Check, Call, Care

1. Sudden Illnesses

   • Heat Related
     • Heat Stroke- The most severe. Failing of temperature regulating mechanism
     • Heat Exhaustion- Heavy sweating ad rapid pulse
     • Heat Cramps- Replenish fluids with water and electrolytes
   • Shock
   • Seizures
     • How to Treat: Do not stop seizure, make sure environment is safe and treat as if unconscious
   • Cold related
     • Frostbite
       • How to treat: remove any wet articles, use skin to skin contact
     • Hypothermia
       • How to treat: Handle gently,warm water(not over 105 degrees), bandage gently
   • Diabetic Emergencies-
     • Hypoglcemia
     • Hyperglcemia
   • Allergic Reactions
     • How to help until medical attention: Calm down person and see if they have medication
   • Poisoning
     • How to treat: Removal from source, check breathing and consciousness, call National Poison Control
       • 1-800-222-1222

2. Drags and carries

   • Clothing Drag
   • Blanket Drag
     • Used to remove someone with a neck,head or spinal injury
   • Pack Strap Carry
     • Used to carry out an individual on your back; conscious or unconscious; do not use with neck, head or spinal injury
   • Ankle Drag
     • Used when someon is too large to carry or move in any other ways
   • Two Person Seat Carry
     • Used when conscious and not seriously injured
   • Walking Assist
     • Used to help support a individual with a lower body injury

3. Splints

   • Anatomic splints- used to secure injured body parts to uninjured body parts
     • Ex: Injured leg would be tied to other leg for support
   • Soft Splint
   • Rigid Splint- Used to immobilize a injury
     • Ex; Dislocated elbow: Put two hard objects on sides of injury to keep from moving. Tie with cloth or bandage
   • Sling and Binder-used to support and immobilize injury

4. Wounds

   • Open wounds
     • Abraisons
       • Friction against skin
         • Clean with soap and water
     • Lacerations
       • A cut in the skin that can go through muscle or fat
         • How to treat: Prevent from infection by cleaning and controlling bleeding. Dress in bandages
     • Avulsions
       • The tearing of tissue or muscle away from the bone
         • How to treat: Control bleeding as much as possible; amputations save in plastic bag filled with ice
     • Punctures
       • Piercing of the skin, muscle,fat or bone
         • How to Treat: Try not to remove object if possible, seek medical attention. Clean and control any bleeding.
   • Closed Wounds
     • Bruise/ Contusion

5. Soft tissue Injuries

   • Burns: special type of soft tissue injury