Geology

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GCSE Geology Mind Map on Geology, created by Tom Barras on 16/11/2016.
Tom Barras
Mind Map by Tom Barras, updated more than 1 year ago
Tom Barras
Created by Tom Barras over 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Geology
  1. principle of uniformitarianism
    1. This is when processes that are happening now are used to find out the past
      1. for example: transport in water leads to rounded pebbles. So if we found a bed of rounded pebbles we would know there was a river there
    2. Catastrophism
      1. Geological Processes that happen over very short periods of time. For example: Volcanism Meteorite, Impacts, Earthquakes
      2. Gradualism
        1. Geological Processes that happen over very long periods of time. Erosion Oceans getting wider Mountain Building
        2. Forming Minerals
          1. From the Crystallisation from magma or lava Igneous Minerals inside a lava flow or batholith
            1. Quartz, Mica, Feldspar
            2. From Precipitation from water as it dribbles through gaps in rocks Limescale on your kettle or a stalactite or binding a sandstone
              1. Calcite
              2. From the crystallisation from hydrothermal fluids that travel through faults - weaknesses = veins Like the setting of a Jelly as it cools.
                1. Galena, Haematite
                2. Some Recrystallise in the formation of a metamorphic rock At a destructive Continental-Continental collision
                  1. Calcite, Garnet
                  2. Some Crystallise from evaporating sea-water Imagine you are at the beach and just been for a swim As you dry naturally, you have a thin layer of salt on you
                    1. Halite
                  3. predicting volcanoes
                    1. gas emissions- magma is moving around underground releasing gas
                      1. ground temperature- magma is moving underground
                        1. acidity level in streams- Sulphur is being released as magma is moving around.
                          1. Bulges on volcano side- Magma is moving up to surface
                            1. Magmatic Quakes- Magma moving around cracking rocks to create space
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