Sea Animals

1. Dolphins
   1. Behaviors
      1. Live in Pods
      2. Eat Fish
      3. Communicate with clicks and whistles

         Annotations:

         • Videos of dolphins communicating both in captivity and the wild: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YSjqEopnC9w https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Un61qv_QIc
   2. Some Species
      1. Bottlenose Dolphin
      2. Spinner Dolphin
      3. Amazon River Dolphin
      4. Orcas

         Annotations:

         • Though commonly referred to as "Killer Whales", Orcas are actually part of the order Cetacea, which excludes whales and porpoises. http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/killer-whale/ 
2. Whales
   1. Behaviors
      1. Feeding using "Bubble Net Fishing"

         Annotations:

         • Here is an amazing video displaying this hunting technique used by pods of whales: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z00G0RxeSP0
      2. Live both in pods and solitary

         Annotations:

         • More so than dolphins, many whale species prefer traveling alone or with flexible and dynamic groups. The strongest bonds occur only between a mother and her calf. http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/whales/glossary/Pod.shtml
      3. Communicate with song-like noises

         Annotations:

         • Here is a prime example of two whales communicating to each other: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WabT1L-nN-E
   2. Some Species
      1. Blue Whale

         Annotations:

         • At around 100ft and 200 tons, Blue Whales are the largest animals to have ever existed, even larger than any species of dinosaurs. 
      2. Sperm Whale
      3. Baleen Whale
3. Seals and Sea Lions
   1. Behaviors
      1. Amphibious Lifestyle
      2. Feed on fish, crabs, birds, krill, and other available food
      3. Live in large groups called "colonies"

         Annotations:

         • Colonies can grow to thousands of seals during mating and birthing season https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=14GxXU4WO1w
   2. Some Species
      1. Harp Seal
      2. Elephant Seal

         Annotations:

         • Southern Elephant Seals are the largest of all the Pinnipeds, growing upwards of 20ft and weighing up to 8800lbs http://mentalfloss.com/article/73596/14-huge-facts-about-elephant-seals
      3. Leopard Seal

1. Anatomy
   1. Gills for breathing oxygen through the water

      Annotations:

      • On average fish have 3-7 pairs of gills
   2. Scales often cover the body

      Annotations:

      • Though this is not always true, such in the case of catfish, lampreys, hagfish, and more
   3. Tail, Dorsal, and Pectoral fins
2. Behavior
   1. Live in large groups called schools

      Annotations:

      • Some species prefer solitary life, such as Sailfish or Barracuda
      • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tygpCEOYDUw Technically a GoPro ad, the video offers a great view of the inside a school of wild Silver Fish!
   2. Feed on other fish, plants, and smaller plankton and krill
   3. Communicate mainly with body language, though some use sound
3. Species
   1. Angelfish
   2. Marlin
   3. Gold Fish

1. Anatomy
   1. Composed of 3 Segments: Head, Thorax, and Abdomen
   2. Exoskeleton protects the soft inner-body

      Annotations:

      • Every so often, the crustacean needs to molt, or shed it's large exoskeleton https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4QIgW639Oog
   3. Antennae, legs, and other extensions specific to species
2. Behavior
   1. Communicate through body language and scent

      Annotations:

      • Lobsters, for example, secrete special urine from their faces to communicate with each other http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/06/15/facts-about-lobsters_n_7568976.html
   2. Often live in groups, but some are solitary
   3. Eat a variety of food, from small krill and fish in the water to large fish and other crustacean
3. Species
   1. Snow Crab
   2. Crawfish
   3. Lobster

Annotations:

• Sharks and Rays are special because they are both cartilagenous fish. This means that instead of bones, they are made of cartilage! http://www.wiseoceans.com/seasense/sharks-rays/

1. Sharks
   1. Some Species
      1. Great White
      2. Thresher Shark

         Annotations:

         • Threshers hunt by using their long tails to stun fish, and then eat them while they recover from the blow.
      3. Angel Shark

         Annotations:

         • Angel sharks are a great example at the similarities that sharks and rays share beyond their cartilage!
   2. Behaviors
      1. Solitary versus social behaviors vary between species

         Annotations:

         • http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-29448192
      2. Almost endless feeding habits

         Annotations:

         • Though mislabeled as "man-eaters", sharks appetites vary as widely as humans depending on the species.  Tiger sharks are known as the "Trash cans of the sea", while Whale Sharks tend to only eat krill and other small fish, similar to whales
         • http://www.discovery.com/tv-shows/shark-week/videos/shark-eating-habits-vs-human-eating-habits/
      3. Communicate mainly using body language and electrical currents in the body
2. Rays
   1. Species
      1. Giant Oceanic Manta ray
      2. Cownose Ray
      3. Smooth Butterfly Ray
   2. Behaviors
      1. Solitary or in large groups called "Schools"

         Annotations:

         • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Yzu4CkRQb8
      2. Feed on bottom-dwellers, such as clam, snail, oyster, and some fish
      3. Communicate using body language and electric signals