Psychology 7.3

Annotations:

• {The capacity to think and reason clearly and to act purposely and effectively in adapting to the environment and pursuing one's goals} pg.261 *David Wechler (1975)

1. Mental Age

   Annotations:

   • {A representation of a person's intelligence based on the age of people who are capable of performing at the same level of ability} pg. 261 *Developed by Binet and Simon (1908) 
2. Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

   Annotations:

   • {A measure of intelligence based on performance on tests, mental abilities, expressed as a ratio between one's mental age and chroological age 
3. Norms

   Annotations:

   • {The standards used to compare an individual's performance on a test with the performance of others} pg. 262
   1. Standardization

      Annotations:

      • {The process of establishing norms for a test by administering the test to numbers of people who constitute a standardization sample}
      1. Reliability

         Annotations:

         • {The stability of test scores over time}
      2. Validity

         Annotations:

         • {The degree to which a test measures what it purports to measure} pg. 264 *Predictive Validity: The degree in which test scores accurately predict future behavior or performance.
      3. Culture-fair Tests

         Annotations:

         • {Tests designed to eliminate cultural biases}
4. Dyslexia

   Annotations:

   • {A learning disorder characterized by impaired ability to read}
5. Intellectual Disability

   Annotations:

   • {A generalized deficit or impairment in intellectual and social skills}
6. Mainstreaming

   Annotations:

   • {The practice of placing children with special needs in a regular classroom environment}
7. Primary Mental Abilities

   Annotations:

   • {Seven basic mental abilities that Thurstone believed constitute intelligence} *Verbal comprehension *Numerical ability *Memory *Inductive reasoning *Perceptual speed *Verbal fluency *Spatial relations
   1. Multiple Intelligences

      Annotations:

      • {Gardner's term for the distinct types of intelligence that characterize different forms of intelligent behavior} *Liguistic *Logical-Mathematical *Musical *Spatial  *Bodily-kinesthetic *Interpersonal *Intrapersonal *Naturalist
8. Triarchic Theory of Intelligence

   Annotations:

   • {Sternburg's theory of intelligence that posits three aspects of intelligence: analytic, creative, and practical} pg.268
9. Heritability