Memory Development

Memory Development

1. Attention - Focused cognition allows for successful, intended learning of information.

   • Made possible through strategies.
     • Organisation: Grouping information
     • Rehearsal: Repeating information
     • Elaboration: Creatinging a link between unrelated information

2. Memory can be spontaneous

   • Children rapidly learn new information daily
   • The product of social participation. Through observation or physical participation.
     • Western children are better at recalling isolated information. Non-western children are better at spatial recognition.

3. Retrieving Information

   • Recognition: Simplest. Notice present item as identical or similar
   • Recall: Stimulus or item is mentally pictured
   • Reconstruction: Adding information to existing knowledge by streamlining or combining
   • Fuzzy-trace theory suggests we create a vague first version. Lacks details/specifics

4. Metacognitive Knowledge. Awareness and Knowledge of cognition

   • Preschoolers have limited awareness of the mind's workings. By age 7 child knows that increased attention improves memory function
   • Degrees of knowledge certainty by age 10. E.g Know, understand or remember.
   • Acknowledge different sources of information/knowledge
   • Complex strategies and thinking in older children
   • Self regulation: Monitoring one's progress towards a goal. Adjusting attention and effort when objective is not reached

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