Cold Environment (Sustainable Development)

Description

Mind Map on Cold Environment (Sustainable Development), created by Natalie Wu on 29/04/2014.
Natalie Wu
Mind Map by Natalie Wu, updated more than 1 year ago
Natalie Wu
Created by Natalie Wu about 10 years ago
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Resource summary

Cold Environment (Sustainable Development)
  1. Challenges
    1. Economical
      1. Costly
        1. Case Study: Trans-Alaskan Pipeline: cost more then 8 billion to raise pipeline in order to not effect migration of wildlife. Also they have specially built it in the shape of ZIG-ZAG line in order to reduce expansion and contraction created by the heat of the oil. Therefore preventing it sinking into the floor
          1. Housing
            1. Houses would be required to be built in high grounds
          2. Seasonal Unemployment
            1. Tourism Industry, it is usually populated in the winter season
          3. Social
            1. Transportation & Navigation
              1. - Arctic Ocean’s northern sea route navigable for around 100 days in the summer, but frozen for the other 8 months in the year. - In summer, routes must cross the waterlogged land and roads can be impassable. -Rivers are used by barges in summer, but navigation is difficult due to flooding from snowmelt and large sandbanks that develop. - In winter, the frozen rivers are used as ice roads for trucks, yet there are risks of going through the ice of hitting obstacles.
              2. Food Supply
                1. High Cost, and Limited Resources
                2. Lost of Traditions
                  1. Case Study: Nenets, Siberia
                3. Environmentnal
                  1. Might endanger wildlife
                    1. Changes in Food Chain
                      1. Animals no longer hunt for food but would search for food in rubbish
                    2. Pollution
                      1. Case Study: Exxon Oil Spill
                        1. Case Study: Nepal Pollution in the Himalaya's
                    3. Opportunities
                      1. Economical
                        1. Increase in Employment Rate
                          1. Case Study: the Alps
                            1. - Sufficient precipitation (i.e. snow) - Orographic rainfall - Frete = Black/**Black Debris fan= Black slope =EASY - Job opportunity = seasonal, lower paid
                          2. Economic Growth
                            1. Increase in foreign exchange which leads to the increase in local GDP
                              1. Case Study: Trans-Alaskan Pipeline
                          3. Social
                            1. Increase in Living Standard
                              1. Increase in tax revenue due to increase in employment rate. Which leads to the government to provide better policies to improve local economy
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