Expert systems

Expert systems

1. What is it?

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   • An expert system is computer software that attempts to act like a human expert on a particular subject area.

2. How do they work?

   • Expert system is made of 3 parts
     • User interface
       • This is the system that allows a non-expert ask a question to the expert system, and to receive an advice/answer.
     • Knowledge base
       • A collection of facts and rules, which is created with information provided by human experts.
     • Inference engine
       • Acts like a search engine, matches the knowledge base with the non-expert question.

3. Representation

   • • Explanation
       • -The non-expert user queries the expert system. This is done by asking a question.
         • - Then,the inference engine uses the query to search the knowledge base and then provides an answer or some advice to the user.

4. Where are they used?

   • Medical diagnosis
     • The knowledge base would contain medical information, the symptoms of the patient would be used as the query, and the advice would be a diagnose of the patient’s illness
   • Playing strategy games against a computer
     • The knowledge base would contain strategies and moves, the player's moves would be used as the query, and the output would be the computer's 'expert' moves.
   • Finacial advice
     • The knowledge base would contain data about the performance of financial markets and businesses in the past.
   • Identifying items
     • the knowledge base would contain characteristics of every item, the details of an unknown item would be used as the query, and the advice would be a likely identification.
   • Car diagnosis
     • Like medical diagnosis, but for cars.
   • Discovering locations for drilling oil/water
     • the knowledge base would contain characteristics of likely rock formations where oil / water could be found, the details of a particular location would be used as the query, and the advice would be the likelihood of finding oil / water there.

5. Expert system problems

   • Can't easily adapt to new circumstances
   • Can be difficult to use
   • They have no 'common sense'

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