Waves 2 for sunny z

Waves 2 for sunny z

1. Light

   • Light is a transverse wave that travels in straight lines.
   • Angle of incidence = angle of reflection
   • Refractive index - There is a relationship between the incident angle and the refracted angle known as the REFRACTIVE INDEX. This is the ratio of the speed of light in air to the speed of light in the refracted material.
   • n= The Refractive index | i= angle of incidence in air | r= angle of Refraction in the other material
     • n= Sin 1 / Sin r

2. Sounds

   • Sounds are made when an object vibrates.
   • frequency range of the normal human ears is from about 20Hz to about 20000Hz
   • speed of sound is about 340 m/s
   • louder sounds have greater Amplitude whilst High Pitch Sounds have a shorter wavelength so more waves are visible, it has higher frequency waves.

3. Definitions

   • Amplitude (A) - This is "how high the wave is.
   • Wavelength (λ) - this is the distance between two Corresponding points on the wave and is measured in Metres.
   • Frequency (ƒ) - This is how many waves pass by every second and is measured in Hertz (Hz)
   • Time Period (T) - This is the time taken to produce one complete wave. T= 1/ƒ or ƒ=1/t

4. Diffraction

   • Note: A Barrier on one side can also cause diffraction. Therefore Diffraction can cause a wave to pass around a bend.
   • More Diffraction if the size of the gap is similar to the wavelength
   • Is the spreading out of waves when they pass through a gap or round the edge of an obstacle.

5. Types of Waves:

   • Transverse Waves - When the displacement is at right angles to the direction of the wave.
   • Longitudinal Waves - When the displacement is parallel to the direction of the wave