Reasoning

Reasoning

1. syncretism

   • group together non-related ideas or facts or relate them to one another
   • own subjective and egocentric
     • little girl has no name because she can't speak

2. juxtaposition

   • facts that are related are not connected
     • he is ill because he did not go to school

3. transductive

   • can not see relationships that exist
   • reasoning is neither deductive or inductive

4. classification (piaget)

   • grouping together certain objects on the basis of some characteristic (3 but 2 apply to children)
   • graphic representation (younger than 5 and a half)
     • can form a picture with objects
       • placing objects behind one another forming a snake
     • do not classify consistantly to specific criterion
   • non-graphic representations (5 and a half-7 years)
     • classify objects on basis of one dimension
       • same colour or shape
     • incapable of multiple classifictions
       • shape and colour

5. no understanding of conservation

   • certain attributes remain the same in spite of transformations
   • shape of an object changes when it is cut up
   • weight of clay is the same when there are 2 equal round clays of balls but when one ball is rolled into a sausage they are no longer the same

6. unable to seriate (unable to arrange objects according to size)-Paiget

   • 3 stages, 2 for children
   • child divides objects into groups of 2
     • one object long the other short
   • can not construct a complete series
   • the child keeps rearranging objects until he gets the sequence right
     • does not tackle problems systematically

7. Piaget-children have no concept of numbers even if they can count

   • to have a concept of numbers the child must understand:
     • ordinal properties of numbers
     • conservation of numbers
     • broken up (multiplication and division)
     • combined into different wholes (addition and subtraction)