explanations of the causes of our own and others
behaviour and the outcomes of behaviour (success /
failure) which helps us to understand our social world
causes may be seen to lay a person
(dispositional) or in the environment (situational)
Jones & Davis claim we make distributional attributions
since they have a greater predictive value in terms of
how a person may behave in similar situations
Kelley's covariation model suggests we infer causes by
considering information about consensus (other people
behave like this), consistency (always in similar situations),
and distinctiveness (same in other situations)
vignette study by McArthur found patterns of CCD
information - high consistency and low consensus /
distinctiveness leading to dispositional attributions -
other patterns leading to situational attributions
low ecological validity
make some contribution to understanding of social cognition
criticized for over-emphasis of role
of logical reasoning in attributing
cases to behaviour as judgments
are prone to errors and biases
concern with why people do
things may be more to do with
social accountability than need to
find causal explanations