95649
Description
Mind Map by Ashleigh Weldon, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Ashleigh Weldon
almost 11 years ago
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the working memory model
Baddeley & Hitch
- Phonological loop
- the "inner voice"
- a method of processing
and remembering
information verbally
- a method of processing
and remembering
information verbally
- Baddeley, Thompson & Buchananl
- stated that the capacity of the
phonological loop is as long
as it takes you to read aloud
the words in two seconds
- tested using the word length effect
- you'll remember more short words
and less long words
- suggests phonological basis
behind memory
- stated that the capacity of the
phonological loop is as long
as it takes you to read aloud
the words in two seconds
- used for learning new
words
- Baddeley & Gathercole
- poor phonological loop
means impaired reading
in children
- poor phonological loop
means impaired reading
in children
- Baddeley & Gathercole
- the "inner voice"
- Visuo-spatial sketchpad
- the "inner eye"
- used for remembering visual
patterns and spatial movement
- used for things such as
walking and video games
- the visual and spatial
aspects are different e.g.
blindness
- used for remembering visual
patterns and spatial movement
- Klauer & Zhao
- asked participants to do either a
spatial main task (e.g. track a dot) or
a visual main task (remembering
chinese symbols)
- then asked them to do
another task either spatial or
visual
- found that doing two of the same tasks
increased errors but different tasks not
so much
- concluded that spatial
and visual elements are
separate
- concluded that spatial
and visual elements are
separate
- asked participants to do either a
spatial main task (e.g. track a dot) or
a visual main task (remembering
chinese symbols)
- the "inner eye"
- Central executive
- the attentional system
- Miyake et al
- stated it is used for inhibition,
shifting function and updating
function:
- inhibition - the stroop task
- inhibition is the idea that the CE
stops you doing one task and makes
you focus on another e.g. reading the
colour of the word not the word itself
- inhibition is the idea that the CE
stops you doing one task and makes
you focus on another e.g. reading the
colour of the word not the word itself
- shifting function
- the idea that something
has to tell you to change
what you're doing e.g.
adding to subtracting
- the idea that something
has to tell you to change
what you're doing e.g.
adding to subtracting
- updating function
- the idea that the CE updates your working
memory to let you know what the last
category was
- the idea that the CE updates your working
memory to let you know what the last
category was
- inhibition - the stroop task
- stated it is used for inhibition,
shifting function and updating
function:
- brain damage
- damamge to CE areas can
result in dysexeutive
syndrome (poor planning,
organisation and
behaviour
- damage to different areas of
the frontal lobe may cause
planning, monitoring or
concentration issues (Stuss &
Alexander)
- damamge to CE areas can
result in dysexeutive
syndrome (poor planning,
organisation and
behaviour
- the attentional system
- evalutaion
- strengths
- important in processing and
memory storage at the same
time
- may be linked to IQ
(Conway et al)
- WWM expands on the MSM. it
looks at processing and storage
- less emphasis
on rehearsal
- research and practical
support (brain damage)
- can help with
treatments (brain
damage)
- important in processing and
memory storage at the same
time
- weaknesses
- capacity and details of
functioning or CE are unclear
- CE - one system
or many?
- how do the components
interact?
- what about the
LTM?
- capacity and details of
functioning or CE are unclear
- strengths
- Robbins et al - selecting a good chess move
requires the CE and the VSS but not the PL
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