Science - created from Mind Map

Page 1

definition

scientific inquiry is based on a small set of assumptions that thoroughly tested and validated

scientific priciples

scientific method

science and communication

human endeavor

scientific theories

scientific reasoning

organized systematic enterprise that gathers knowledge about the world and condenses that knowledge into testable laws and principles

natural causality

uniformity in space and time

common perception

historical approaches to study life

happen thru intervention of supernatural forces

natural causality: all events can be traced to natural causes that we can comprehend

ex. Zeus = lightning

ex, lighting = electrical discharge Epileptic seizures = brain disorder

natural laws

ex. laws of gravity, interactions between atoms

all humans are able to perceive and measure events in the same way

reliable objective info abt the natural world

unique to science ex. art, music poetry..

observation

questions

hypothesis

prediction

experiment

conclusion

experiments must rule out the influence of other vars

simplicity: one var is the cause of a specific observation

limitation

car doesnt work

why doenst it work?

car doesnt work cuz battery is dead

if i change the battery, the car will work

change batter and it woks

the hypothesis is correct

conrtols

non tested vars remain constant

ex. the new battery

all vars cant be controlled

scientific conclusion must remain subject to revision

results must com. thoroughly & accurately to other scientists for repetition

repetitions add verification. it can be used as the basis for further studies

each conclusion raises further questions -> hypothesis -> experiments

pride, ambition & fear -> mistakes

accidents & lucky guesses -> scientific advances ex. the discovery of penicillin

def: general explanation for imprtnt natural phenomenon

extensively tested

like a principle or a natural law

if compelling evidence arises, theories may be modified ex. the discovery of prions as an infectious agent

arise thru inductive reasoning

support deductive reasoning

a generalization created as a result of many observations ex. gravitation theory

generating hypothesis bases on a well supported generalization ex. cell theory