History Chapters 31-33

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What was the Red Scare?

A time in which Americans greatly feared communism along with Russia

What was the 18th Amendment?

The Prohibition of alcohol

Why didn't the 18th Amendment work?

It was not very heavily enforced, therefore, many people bought and sold alcohol illegally and were not caught or punished

What did the 18th Amendment lead to?

Gangsters and organized crime

What were speakeasies?

Places in which alcohol was illegally sold, they were hidden with entry based on secret passwords, hard liquor was drunk by both men and women in large volume

Who was "Scarface" Al Capone?

A well-known Chicago booze distributor, "Public Enemy Number One"

Why/How did sports become so popular?

People had money to spend and needed things to spend it on

Why was credit bad?

People were diving further into debt to buy the products they desired, prosperity was clouded by debt

Who made automobiles affordable?

Henry Ford

What opened up due to cars?

Supporting industries such as rubber, glass, fabric, highway construction, service stations, and garages

Who were the Wright Brothers?

Orville and Wilbur Wright, they successfully made the first airplane

Who developed the radio?

Guglielmo Marconi

What were the first radio stations?

KDKA

What were the 5 cent theatres called?

Nickelodeons

What became the movie capital of the world?

Hollywood

What was the first Talkie?

The Jazz Singer

Who was Charles A. Lindbergh?

The "Flying Fool", first solo west-to-east flight across the Atlantic

What were the reasons that the 1920s led to the stock market crash?

Banks were failing annually, the stock exchange and real estate boom or bust trading, and a great national debt

What was the Teapot Dome Scandal?

There was secret leasing of federal oil reserves by Alber B. Fall, President Harding signed off on a secret order to transfer the properties, Fall leased the lands to Harry F. Sinclair and Edward L. Doheny, Fall was given bribes by both Sinclair and Doheny, later details about the scandal were leaked and Fall, Doheny, and Sinclair were all indicted

What is Black Tuesday?

The day the stock market crashed

What was the Great Depression?

5,000 banks crashed in 3 years, carrying down life-savings of thousands of Americans, people lost their homes and farms, families had fewer babies because they were too poor, the nation's ability to produce goods had outrun its capacity to consume

What were Hoovervilles?

Shanty towns made of tin and paper shacks created by homeless people, they slept under newspapers and fought over the contents of garbage cans and cooked their findings in oil drums

What was FDR's Brain Trust?

A small group of reform-minded intellectuals consisting of young college professors who wrote FDR's speeches

What was FDR's New Deal about?

Legislation aimed at the 3 R's, short-range goals were relief and immediate recovery in the first 2 years, long-range goals were permanent recovery and reform of current abuses

What were FDR's Fireside Chats?

FDR used the radio to deliver 30 famous chats, he gave assurances that it was now safer to keep money in a bank than under the mattress

What was the Dust Bowl?

Rainless weeks followed by high winds, topsoil was tossed from eastern Colorado to western Missouri, caused higher grain prices and led to dry-farming techniques and mechanization, 350,000 people moved to California, food, shelter, and clothing were scarce

What was John Steinback's Grapes of Wrath?

The Uncle Tom's Cabin of the Dust Bowl, Okies and Arkies reached California where they found big growers unwilling to pay more than 25 cents an hour for work in the fields

What did TVA do?

Determined to discover how much the production and distribution of electricity cost, employment, and cheap electrical power but also low-cost housing, cheap nitrates, restoration of eroded soil, reforestation, improved navigation, and flood control, hydroelectric power

What was the Social Security Act?

Provided for federal-state unemployment insurance retired workers were to receive regular payments from Washington that were financed by a payroll tax and both employers and employees, blind, disabled, children, and dependents were aslo covered

What was the Fair Labor Standards Act?

Stated minimum wage and max hour levels, 40 cents an hour and 40 hours a week, child labor under 16 was forbidden

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