Exam III Questions

Page 1

Exam III Practical

Question

Chapter 14 Nervous Tissue

1.

What are the Anatomic components of the central

nervous system?

2.

What are the Anatomic components of the

peripheral nervous system?

3.

Describe the central nervous system.

4.

Describe the Peripheral nervous system.

5.

What is the sensory nervous system responsible

for?

6.

Explain the difference between afferent and

efferent.

7. What are the general functions

the CNS and PNS are responsible for?

8.

Does the sensory nervous system contain the CNS,

PNS, or both?

9.

What does the nerves of the PNS do within the

sensory nervous system?

10. What

does the spinal cord and the brain (CNS) within the sensory nervous system do?

11. What

are the two components of the sensory nervous system?

12. What

components are included within the somatic sensory?

13. Explain

what are somatic senses, proprioception, and special senses.

14. Is

the somatic sensory voluntary or involuntary?

15. What

is the responsibility of the visceral sensory?

16. Explain

what the visceral senses are.

17. Is

the visceral sensory voluntary or involuntary?

18. What

is the motor nervous system responsible for?

19. Does

the motor nervous system contain the CNS, PNS or both?

20. What

are the motor division components?

21. What

is the somatic motor’s responsibility?

22. Is

the somatic motor voluntary or involuntary?

23. What

is the autonomic motor resposnicble for?

24. Is

the autonomic motor voluntary or involuntary (Think about what the other name

is called of the autonomic motor system)

25. What

are the two subdivisions of the ANS?

26. Describe

each structure of a neuron.

a.

Neuron

b.

Cell Body

c.

Perikaryon

d.

Neurotubules

e.

Neurofilaments

f.

Neurofibirils

g.

Dendrites

h.

Axons

i.

Axon hillock

j.

Axon collaterals

k.

Telodrendria

l.

Synaptic knobs

27. Define

what the responsibility of the following structures.

a.

Cell Body

b.

Dendrites

c.

Axon

28. Define

the anaxonic.

29. What

are the three types of structural neurons?

30. Explain

the following structural neurons.

a.

Unipolar neurons

b.

Bipolar neurons

c.

Multipolar neurons

31. Explain

the following functional classification of neurons

a.

Sensory neurons

b.

Motor neurons.

c.

Interneurons.

32. What

are glial cells?

33. What

is the difference between a glial cell and a neuron?

34. How

do glial cells help neurons with their function?

35. Do

glial cells outnumber neurons or is it the other way around?

36. What

are the four types of glial cells that can be described within the CNS?

37. Describe

the appearance of the following:

a.

Astrocytes

b.

Ependymal cells,

c.

Microglial cells

d.

Oligodendrocytes

38. Describe

the functions of the following:

a.

Astrocytes

b.

Ependymal cells,

c.

Microglial cells

d.

Oligodendrocytes

39. What

are the glial cells within the PNS?

40. Describe

the appearance of the following:

a.

Satellite Cells

b.

Neurolemmocytes

41. Describe

the function of the following:

a.

Satellite cells

b.

Neurolemmocytes

42. Define

the following terms

a.

Myelination

b.

Myelin Sheath

c.

Neurilemma

d.

Unmyelinated Axons

43. Where

does myelin sheath form in the CNS and PNS?

44. What

is the responsibility of each layer of the connective tissue within the nerve?

Chapter 15 Brain and Cranial Nerves

1.

What are the four major regions of the brain?

2.

When the cerebrum is divided into two halves,

what is this called?

3.

When the two halves are subdivided, what are

these five general funcational areas called?

4.

Define the following

a.

Gyri

b.

Anterior

c.

Posterior

5.

What are the three primary brain vesicles that

are formed by the fourth week of development? Define each as well.

6.

What are the five secondary brain vesicles that

from by the fifth week of development? Define where each arise from and what

they eventually form.

7.

Which secondary brain vesicle grows rapidly to

envelop the diencephalon?

8.

What ventricles surrounds what secondary brain

vesicles?

9.

What are the two distinct tissue areas within

the brain and spinal cord recognized as?

10. What

is the difference between the white and gray matter?

11. Describe

the difference between the cerebral cortex and cerebral nuclei.

12. Describe

of the nervous system structures

a.

Ganglion

b.

Center

c.

Nucleus

d.

Nerve

e.

Nerve plexus

f.

Tract

g.

Funiculus

h.

Pathway

i.

Cortex

j.

Cerebral Hemisphere

13. Define

cranial meninges

14. What

are the three connective tissue layers of the cranial meninges?

15. Define

the following layers of the Cranial Meninges

a.

Pia Mater

b.

Arachnoid mater

c.

Dura Mater

d.

cranial dural septa

16. What

is the difference between the three structures within the Arachnoid Mater

a.

Arachnoid trabeculae

b.

Subarachnoid space

c.

Subdural space

17. Describe

of the four cranial dural septa

a.

Falx cerebi

b.

Tentorium Cerebeli

c.

Falx cerebelli

d.

Diaphragm scale

18. What

is the Cerebrospinal Fluid?

19. What

are the function of the Cerebrospinal Fluid?

20. What

is the cerebrospinal fluid formed by?

21. What

is the choroid plexus composed of?

22. Explain

what happens to the excess CSF.

23. Explain

what form an arachnoid villi and arachnoid granulation

24. Describe

the process of CSF production, circulation, and removal

25. Explain

what does the Blood-brain barriers do, and it’s responsibilities.

26. Describe

the following structures of the brain

a.

Cerebral hemispheres

b.

Longitudinal fissure

c.

Corpus Callosum

27. Name

and describe the lobes of the cerebrum

28. describe

the primary function of each lobe of the cerebrum

29. Define

the primary motor cortex

30. Define

the motor speech area

31. Define

the frontal eye field

32. Define

the primary somatosensory cortex

33. Describe

the primary visual cortex

34. Describe

the primary auditory cortex

35. Describe

the primary olfactory cortex

36. describe

the association areas

37. Describe

the promotore cortex

38. Describe

the somatosensory association area

39. Describe

the auditory association area

40. Describe

the Visual association area

41. Describe

the Wernicke area

42. Describe

the central white matter

43. Describe

the longitudinal fasciculi

44. Describe

the projection tracts

45. Describe

the cerebral nuclei

46. What

are the three components of the diencephalon and explain the location of each

47. Explain

the Pineal gland within the epithalamus

48. Explain

the functions of the Hypothalamus

49. Explain

the following terms of the brainstem

a.

Brainstem

b.

Midbrain

c.

Cereral aqueduct

d.

Cerebral peduncles

e.

Tectum

f.

Superior colliculi

g.

Inferior colliculi

h.

Pons

50. Describe

the following terms of the medulla oblongata

a.

Medulla oblongata

b.

Pyramids

c.

Decussation of the pyramids

d.

Olive

e.

Nucleus cuneatus

f.

Nucleus gracilis

g.

Cardiac center

h.

Vasomotor center

i.

Medullary respiratory center

51. Explain

the following

a.

Cerebellum

b.

Folia

c.

Cerebellar hemispheres

d.

Vermis

e.

Pueduncles

f.

Superior cerebellar peduncles

g.

Middle cerebellar peduncles

h.

Infereior cerbrellar puduncles

52. Name

what cranial nerve goes to which Roman Numeral number

53. Explain

the Sensory function of the cranial nerves

54. Explain

the somatic motor functions of the nerves

55. Explain

the parasympathetic more function (autonomic) of the nerves

Chapter 16 Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerve

1.

Name and describe each part of the spinal cord

2.

Should each main segments of the vertebrae match

up with each part of the spinal cord?

3.

Define the following terms

a.

Conus Medullaris

b.

Cauda Equina

c.

Filum Terminale

4.

Name and describe the each enlargement of the

spinal cord

5.

How many pairs of spinal nerves are on the

spinal cord?

6.

How many pairs of cervical nerves, thoracic,

lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal nerves are?

7.

What protects the spinal cord?

8.

How many layers of dura mater are there in the

spinal cord?

9.

Define what the gray mater within the spinal cord

is.

10. What

is the gray mater location and shape within the spinal cord?

11. Name

and describe the subdivisions within the gray mater

12. What

is the subdural space main responsibility?

13. What

are the other two layers of the meninges and name the secondary layers within

them.

14.