Flashcards
chapter 16 psych test
Flashcards do conjunto (42)
- 1social psychologythe scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another
- 2attribution theorythe theory that we can explain someones behavior by crediting either the situation or the person's disposition
- 3fundamental attribution errorthe tendency for observers, when analyzing, to underestimate the situation, and overestimate the disposition
- 4attitudefeelings often influenced by beliefs, causing us to respond in a certain way to object, people and events
- 5central route to persuationoccurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond wit faveralbe thoughts
- 6peripheral route to persuationoccurs when ppl are influenced by incidental cues, such as attractiveness
- 7foot-in-the-door phenomenonthe tendency to start with a smaller request to comply later with a larger one
- 8rolea set of explanations/norms about a social position defining how those in that position must behave
- 9cognitive dissonance theorythe theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent
- 10conformityadjusting ones behavior to coincide with the a group standard
- 11normative social influenceinfluence resulting from ones desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval
- 12informational social influenceinfluence resulting in ones willing to accept others opinions about reality
- 13social loafingthe tendency for one to exert when in a group versus when they are individually accountable
- 14social fasilatationstronger responses on simple or well learned task in the presence of others
- 15deindeviduationthe loss of self awareness and self restraint in groups hat foster arousal and anonymity
- 16group polarizationthe tendency to make group deciisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its members
- 17group thinkthe mode of thinking in the desire of harmony in decision making the group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives
- 18prejudicean unjustifiable attitude(negative) toward a group and its members
- 19stereotypea generalized belief about a group of people
- 20discriminationunjustifiable negative behavior towards a group and its memebers
- 21ingroup"us" those whom we share a common identity
- 22outgroup"them" those preceived as different or apart from the group
- 23scapegoat theorythe theory that prejudice offers an outlet fr anger by providing someone to blame
- 24other-race effectthe tendency to recall faces of one's own race better than that of anothers
- 25just-world phenomenonthe tendency for people to believe the would is just and that people get what they deserve
- 26aggressionany phiysical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy
- 27fraustation aggression principlethe principle that frustration-the blocking of achieving a goal can cause aggression
- 28mere exposure effectthe phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them
- 29passionate lovean aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, typically present at the beginning of a relationshp
- 30compasionate lovea deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined
- 31equitya condition in which you give and receive in a relationship proportionately
- 32self disclosurerevealing intimate aspects of oneself to others
- 33alterationunselfish regard for the welfare of others
- 34bystander affectthe tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present
- 35social exchange theorythe theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benifite and minimize coast
- 36repricity normthe expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them
- 37social responsibility norman expectation that people will help those dependent upon them
- 38conflicta perceived incompatibility o actions, goals or ideas
- 39social trapa situation n which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing their self-interest, become caught up in mutualy destructive behavior
- 40mirror-image preceptionsmutual views often held by conflicting people as when each side sees itself as ethical and peaceful and views the other side as evil and aggressive
- 41superordinate goalsshared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation
- 42GRITa strategy designed to decrease international tensions