Flashcards
National 5 Biology-DNA and the Production of Enzymes
Flashcards do conjunto (17)
- 1What are chromosomes made up of?A series of genes.
- 2What are the series of genes found in chromosomes made up of?A substance called deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) which carries genetic material.
- 3How many molecules of DNA does one chromosome have in a cell?One single long molecule of DNA.
- 4What is a DNA molecule made up of?Two strands of units called nucleotides.
- 5What is each nucleotide made up of?A deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a base.
- 6What are the four types of bases called?Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine.
- 7Explain the structure of a DNA moleculeA strong chemical bond forms between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the sugar of the other.
- 8How do two DNA strands become joined together?By hydrogen bonds forming between their bases.
- 9Explain the base pairing ruleEach base can only join with one other kind of base. Each member is complementary to its partner. Adenine always joins with Thymine, and
Guanine always joins with Cytosine. - 10What is the double helix?Two strands of DNA twisted together.
- 11How many base pairs are there for each complete turn of the double helix?Ten
- 12What does DNA carry?Information for making protein.
- 13What does DNA control?DNA/the sequence of the bases in the DNA, controls an organism's characteristics by telling the cells which proteins to make.
- 14Where are proteins assembled?At the ribosomes in the cell cytoplasm.
- 15Which molecule carries a copy of the DNA code so that proteins can be made?mRNA carries a copy of the code in the nucleus to a ribosome. mRNA carries the base Uracil instead of Thymine.
- 16What are proteins made up of?Sub-units called amino acids. Proteins contain about 20 different amino acids. Three DNA bases also code for each amino acid.
- 17What is each triplet of bases called?CODON
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- CfE Higher Biology (Unit 1-Cell Biology) FlashCards sobre National 5 Biology-DNA and the Production of Enzymes, criado por NinaJasT em 01-01-2015.
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