Flashcards
National 5 Biology-Proteins and Enzymes
Flashcards do conjunto (14)
- 1What are proteins?Proteins are made up of chains of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.
- 2What is a chain of amino acids calledPolypeptide chain-it is folded and twisted to make the final structure of the protein.
- 3How does the variety of protein shapes and functions arise?By the sequence of amino acids. The shape of protein molecules affects their functions.
- 4Name some functions of proteinsStructural, enzymes, hormones, antibodies.
- 5What are enzymes?All enzymes are globular proteins. Enzymes are biological catalysts and allow the cell to function at a low temperature. They speed up reactions but remain unchanged by it.
- 6What are hormones?Hormones act as chemical messengers between cells and travel in body fluids such as blood.
- 7What are antibodies?They are protein molecules that are involved in body defences.
- 8What are structural proteins?They make up cell structures such as membranes. They can also produce rope-like structures eg. collagen or keratin.
- 9The substance to which an enzyme acts upon is called its...Substrate
- 10What do enzyme molecules have?Active sites where they bind to substrate molecules.
- 11Why are enzymes specific?Because the shape of the active site is complementary to the shape of its substrate.
- 12Which factors can affect the enzymes?Temperature and pH.
- 13At what temperature/pH do enzymes work best at?The optimum temperature/pH.
- 14What can extremes of temperature/pH result in?Changes to the shape of the enzyme-its active site changes and it can no longer function. This is known as denatured and will effect its rate of reaction
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- CfE Higher Biology (Unit 1-Cell Biology) FlashCards sobre National 5 Biology-Proteins and Enzymes, criado por NinaJasT em 01-01-2015.
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