Flashcards
Introduction to Anatomy
Flashcards do conjunto (130)
- 1What is the difference between Anatomy and Physiology?Anatomy is the study of structure
Physiology is the study of function - 2What does microscopic anatomy study?Structures too small to be seen with the unaided eye - cytology & histology
- 3What does gross anatomy study?Structures that can be seen with the unaided eye
- 4What are the 9 approaches to gross anatomy?Comparative - similarities and differences across species
Developmental - structural changes from conception through maturity
Embryology - developmental changes occurring prior to birth
Regional - study of structures within a single region
Surface - study of internal structures as their locations relation to regions of skin or other surface markings
Systemic - study of structures involved with a specific activity
Pathologic - anatomic changes due to disease
Radiographic - study of structures visualized by medical imaging procedures
Surgical - study anatomical landmarks used before and after surgery - 5What is the structural organization of the body?Chemical (atoms, molecules)
Cells (smallest living)
Tissues
Organs
Organ Systems
Organism - 6What are the 7 characteristics of living organisms?Organization, Metabolism, Growth & Development, Responsiveness, Adaptation, Regulation, Reproduction
- 7What are the 11 Organ Systems?Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Endocrine, Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary, Reproductive
- 8—Integumentary System:
Provides protection, regulates body temperature, site of cutaneous receptors, synthesizes vitamin D, prevents water loss - 9—Skeletal System:
Provides support and protection, site of hemopoiesis, stores calcium and phosphorus, provides sites for muscle attachments
- 10—Muscular System:
Provides body movement, generates heat when muscles contract
- 11—Nervous System:
A regulatory system that controls body movement, responds to sensory stimuli, helps control all other systems of the body. Also responsible for consciousness, intelligence, and memory
- 12—Endocrine System:
Consists of glands and cell clusters that secrete hormones, some of which regulate body and cellular growth, chemical levels in the body, and reproductive functions
- 13—Cardiovascular System:
Consists of the heart (a pump), blood, and blood vessels; the heart moves blood through blood vessels in order to distribute hormones nutrients, and gases, and pick up waste products
- 14—Lymphatic System:
Transports and filters lymph and initiates an immune response when necessary
- 15—Respiratory System:
Responsible for exchange of gases between blood and air in lungs
- 16—Digestive System:
Mechanically and chemically digests food materials, absorbs nutrients, and expels waste products
- 17—Urinary System:
Filters blood and removes waste products from the blood, concentrates waste products in the form of urine, and expels urine from the body
- 18—Male Reproductive System:
Produces male sex cells (sperm) and male hormones; transfers sperm to female
- 19—Female Reproductive System:
Produces female sex cells (oocytes) and female hormones, receives sperm from male, site of fertilization of oocyte, site of growth and development of embryo and fetus, and produces and secretes breast milk for nourishment of newborn
- 20Describe the Anatomic PositionPerson standing upright, feet parallel and on the floor, head level and looking forward, arms at side of body, palms facing forward and thumbs pointing away from body
- 21What is the difference between a section and a plane?A section is the result of a cut or slice of a specimen
A plane is an imaginary flat surface passing through the body/organ at a point or angle - 22Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior parts?Coronal Plane
- 23Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts?Transverse Plane
- 24Which plane divides to body into EQUAL left and right halves?Midsagittal Plane
- 25Which plane divides the body into UNEQUAL left and right halves?Sagittal Plane
- 26Which plane passes through the specimen at an angle?Oblique Plane
- 27In front of; toward the front surfaceAnterior
- 28In back of; toward the back surfacePosterior
- 29At backside of the human bodyDorsal
- 30At frontside of human bodyVentral
- 31Closer to headSuperior
- 32Closer to feetInferior
- 33At rear or tail endCaudal
- 34At head endCranial
- 35Toward the noseRostral
- 36Toward midline of bodyMedial
- 37Away from midline of the bodyLateral
- 38On the same sideIpsilateral
- 39On the opposite sideContralateral
- 40On the inside, underneath another structureDeep
- 41On the outsideSuperficial
- 42Closest to point of attachment to trunkProximal
- 43Furthest from point of attachment to trunkDistal
- 44Which region includes the head, neck and trunk?Axial Region
- 45Which region includes the limbs (appendages) that attack to the body's axis?Appendicular region
- 46Region inferior to the thorax (chest) and superior to the hip bonesAbdominal Region
- 47Forearm (region)Antebrachial Region
- 48Region anterior to the elbowAntecubital Region
- 49EarAuricular Region
- 50ArmpitAxillary Region
- 51Arm (portion between shoulder and elbow)Brachial
- 52CheekBuccal Region
- 53Heel of footCalcaneal Region
- 54WristCarpal region
- 55HeadCephalic region
- 56NeckCervical region
- 57HipCoxal region
- 58SkullCranial region
- 59Leg (anterior region between knee and ankle) AKA shinCrural region
- 60ShoulderDeltoid region
- 61Fingers/ToesDigital region
- 62BackDorsal
- 63Thigh (anterior and posterior)Femoral Region
- 64Lateral aspect of the legFibular region
- 65ForeheadFrontal Region
- 66ButtockGluteal Region
- 67GroinInguinal Region
- 68Lower backLumbar region
- 69BreastMammary Region
- 70HandManus region
- 71ChinMental region
- 72NoseNasal region
- 73Posterior aspect of the headOccipital region
- 74Posterior of the elbowOlecranal region
- 75MouthOral region
- 76EyeOrbital region
- 77Palm of handPalmar Region
- 78KneecapPatellar Region
- 79PelvisPelvic Region
- 80Diamond-shaped region between the thighs that contains the anus and selected external reproductive organsPerineal region
- 81FootPes region
- 82Sole of footPlantar region
- 83Area posterior to the kneePopliteal region
- 84Anterior region of the pelvisPubic region
- 85Lateral aspect of the forearmRadial region
- 86Posterior region between the hip bonesSacral Region
- 87Shoulder bladeScapular Region
- 88Anterior middle region of the thoraxSternal Region
- 89Calf (posterior part of leg)Sural Region
- 90Proximal part of foot and ankleTarsal Region
- 91Chest/ThoraxThoracic Region
- 92Medial aspect of legTibial region
- 93Medial aspect of forearmUlnar region
- 94NavelUmbilical Region
- 95Spinal columnVertebral region
- 96The thoracic cavity contains the ______, ______, and _________.Mediastinum, Pleural cavity, and Pericardial Cavity
- 97In the pericardium, the _______ pericardium is the outermost layer and forms the sac around the heart; the ________ pericardium forms the hearts external surface.Parietal; Visceral
- 98In the pleura, the _______ pleura covers the external surface of the lung; the _______ pleura lines the internal surface of the thoracic wall.Visceral; Parietal
- 99In the abdominopelvic cavity, _____ peritoneum lines the internal walls of the cavity; the ______ peritoneum ensheathes the external surfaces of most digestive organs.Parietal; Visceral
- 100What organs does the epigastric region contain?Part of liver, part of stomach, duodenum, part of pancreas, both adrenal glands
- 101What organs does the umbilical region contain?Middle part of transverse colon, part of small intestine, and branches of blood vessels to lower limbs
- 102What organs does the hypogastric region contain?Part of small intestine, urinary bladder, sigmoid colon of large intestine
- 103What organs does the right hypochondriac region contain?Part of liver, gallbladder, part of right kidney
- 104What organs does the left hypochondriac region contain?Part of stomach, spleen, left colic flexure of large intestine, and part of left kidney
- 105What organs does the right lumbar region contain?Ascending colon and right colic flexure of large intestine, superior part of cecum, part of right kidney, part of small intestine
- 106What organs does the left lumbar region contain?Descending colon, part of left kidney, part of small intestine
- 107What organs does the right iliac region contain?inferior end of cecum, appendix, part of small intestine
- 108What organs does the left iliac region contain?junction of parts of colon and part of small intestine
- 109—Lateral flexion
- 110What is the arrow pointing up demonstrating? (DECREASING angle)Flexion
- 111What is the arrow pointing down demonstrating? (INCREASING angle)Extension
- 112What is the arrow pointing up demonstrating? (Lateral movement of body part away from midline)Abduction
- 113What is the arrow pointing down demonstrating? (Medial movement of body part toward from midline)Adduction
- 114—Circumduction
- 115—Rotation
- 116—Lateral Rotation
- 117—Medial rotation
- 118—Lateral rotation
- 119—Medial rotation
- 120—Pronation
- 121—Supination
- 122—Depression
- 123—Elevation
- 124What is the arrow pointing up demonstrating?Dorsiflexion
- 125What is the arrow pointing down demonstrating?Plantar flexion
- 126—Inversion
- 127—Eversion
- 128—Protraction
- 129—Retraction
- 130—Opposition
Informações
- Descrição
- Anatomy FlashCards sobre Introduction to Anatomy, criado por Emily Kain em 19-09-2020.
- Criado por
- Emily Kain
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