Flashcards
research methods key words
Flashcards do conjunto (35)
- 1control groupsa group which is compared to the experimental group. the control groups is not exposed to the variables under investigation. they are used to measure changes in the experimental group
- 2cluster samplea target population is taken from a large geographical area and then divided into smaller and smaller groups. this is done to gain a wide representativeness
- 3closed questionsnumber of options
- 4covertparticipants don't know they're being studied
- 5dependant variablemeasured and used to see what the change in the experiment is.
- 6extraneous variablethe researcher has no control over these and the affect they have on the experiment
- 7experimenta test carried out in controlled conditions to establish a cause- and- effect relationship between two or more variables
- 8experimental groupexposed to the variable under investigation
- 9field experimenttakes place outside of the lab and occurs in a natural setting
- 10generalisationsif the sample is representative then the findings of the experiment can be said to be true of the wider population
- 11independent variablevariables that are manipulated and changed
- 12interpretivismfocus on how we construct our social worlds through the meanings we create and attach to events. they favour qualitative methods
- 13informed consentwhere those taking part have agreed to part and understand the study in detail
- 14laboratory experimenta scientific method preferred by positivists. happens in a controlled area where researcher tests a hypothesis
- 15objectiveabsence of bias or preconceived ideas
- 16open questionsthe respondent can answer however they like
- 17overtparticipants are aware they're being studied
- 18postal questionnairea questionnaire which comes through the post and respondents answer without aid from the researcher.
- 19participant observationinteracts with the group being observed
- 20quantitativeinformation in numerical form
- 21quota sampleselecting from quotas- defined proportion of the population
- 22qualitativeinformation expressed through words
- 23questionnairelist of questions
- 24reliableproduces the same results when repeated
- 25right to withdrawthe participant can say they don't want to take part in the experiment any longer and be removed
- 26random samplerespondents have an equal chance of being picked from the sample frame
- 27representativetypical; a cross section. If a sample is representative those in it will be typical of a larger group
- 28selective biasthe researcher chooses the participant
- 29stratified samplewhen the population is large and the sample is small. the sample is made by drawing from each group according to their proportions in the population
- 30sample framea list of members of the total population of interest
- 31samplea smaller group selected from the larger survey population to take part in a study
- 32snowball samplestarts with a small group of respondents who are asked for further contacts
- 33structured interviewthe researcher asks a set of questions to the respondents and records an answer
- 34variablea factor that can change and vary
- 35validitydata that gives a true picture of what is being studied
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- AS - Level Sociology (research methods) FlashCards sobre research methods key words, criado por Truely Costen em 18-02-2016.
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- Truely Costen
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