Flashcards
Taste and Smell
Flashcards do conjunto (23)
- 1Which sense does not go through the thalamus and instead goes straight to the sensory cortexsmell
- 2What happens once compounds are dissolved in the mucous in smell?they interact with odorant binding proteins which activates conversion of ATP into cAMP by adenylate cyclase-cAMP opens Na channels=depolarisation=AP to olfactory cortex
- 3Is the smell pathway divergent or convergent?convergent- nerve fibres come together which ampified the signal
- 4How do we become adapted to a persistant smell?central inhibition
- 5Describe the smell pathwayolfactory bulb>olfactory tract > olfactory cortex> hypothalamus, limbic system
- 6Describe discrimination in smellreceptor popns have distinct sensitivities- CNS translates each smell in accordance with the pattern of activity
- 7How does ageing affect smell?no. of receptors decline with age, cilia become damaged and dont get replaced, receptors become insensitive
- 8How are olfactory receptors replaced?basal cells proliferate and differentiate into new receptors
- 9Describe the taste pathwaytaste buds are montiored by the facial cranial nerve, glossopharabgyeal nerve (circumvillate) and vagus nerve (epiglottis) then goes to solitary nucleus then to thalamus and then to the sensory cortex
- 10What are gustatory cells?present on taste buds- each has ~40- found recessed into epithelium and have mirovilli hair qhich project through taste pore
- 11How long do gustatory cells last?~10 days and then they are replaced
- 12Where are taste buds found in adults and children?superficial surface of tongue but also in pharynx and larynx in children
- 13How many taste buds do we have?3000
- 14What is the circumvillate?has ~100 taste buds each. V formation at the back of the tongue- most conc'd region of taste buds
- 15What is the filiform?friction, no taste buds
- 16What is fungiform?shaped like a mushroom, ~5 taste buds each-limited
- 17We have quicker responses to what tastes? Why?unpleasant ones: ~1000 times more sensitive to acids than sweet or salty and ~100 times more sensitive to bitter than acids- protective mech
- 18How do we descriminate between different tastes?chemicals contact the taste hair cell and bind to receptors- different tastes have different mechs e.g. salt receptors open Na channels, sweet close K+ channels
- 19Which normal inhalations, how much inhaled air gets to olfactory organs?~2%
- 20What is the mechanism from breathing in?air swirls around in nasal cavities- turbulence delivers airborne particles to hair cells
- 21Describe olfactory receptors and the cilia and explain why it is like thatmultiple cilia to increase SA, exposed tip of each receptor cell called a nob- base for ~20 cells to icrease SA more. Cillia are within the mucous=increaaed SA and protection
- 22What is mucous secreted by in smell?bowmans gland
- 23What must compounds be to diffuse into the mucous for smell? Why?lipid and water soluble
detected quicker and at lower conchs
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- undergrad neuroscience FlashCards sobre Taste and Smell, criado por tanitia.dooley em 25-05-2013.
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- tanitia.dooley
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