Flashcards
Gen Lec. Note 10/23 (Chapter 11)
Flashcards do conjunto (34)
- 1Semiconservative is the method of DNA replication, how does it work?Newly-formed 2x strands of DNA is 1 strand parental + 1 strand daughter
- 2This method of DNA replication is intermixing of parental and daughter strands (hybrid).Dispersive model
- 3In order ____ complementary strands, the ______ _____ helix is used as a ______synthesize/make; original 2x; template
- 4Newly-formed DNA strands are called?Daughter strands
- 5The original (2) 2x helix strands are called?Parental strands
- 6The conservation model was (1) of proposed methods of DNA replication, what is it?Both parental strands stay together throughout the replication process.
- 7This model was proposed in the 50's + proved to be correct, what is it?Semiconservative model
- 8What experiment proved that DNA replication is semiconservative?Meselson-Stahl, growing E. coli in heavy Nit. isotope --> then growing it in lighter Nit. - following density of the resulting DNA
- 9DNA polymerase needs what (3) components to make new daughter strands?DNA template/parental strand, RNA primer, all DNA nucleotides (A/T/G/C)
- 10As the chain of DNA elongates, what direction is the replication going?5' to 3'
- 11What type of nucleotides are added in DNA replication?Nucleotide triphosphate
- 12What happens as a nucleotide is added?(2) of phosphates are removed + used as energy to make a covalent bond w/ neighboring DNA nucleotide (across the street)
- 13DNA polymerase I + ____ needs a RNA ____ to start added _____.Mg++; template/primer; nucleotides
- 14Prokar. have (_) orgins of replication + replication is in what direction?(1); bidirectionally
- 15Name steps of prokar. chromos. replication@ origin of replication --> create replication bubble --> new DNA made here until replication forks meet
- 16The enzy. starting the production of new DNADNA polymerase
- 17DNA polymerase needs a DNA ____ to add ____ @ 3' -___ of an ______ ________.template/parental strand; nucleotides; OH; existing polynucleotide (RNA/DNA)
- 18Polymerase _ in prokar. removes RNA primers + these subsequent gaps.1
- 19Polymerase _ in prokar.s works from _' to _' + makes edits after ______.3; 5, 3; replication
- 20How does the DNA polymerase work in prokar.s?The "hand" grabs DNA --> splits it into (2)via enzy. in "palm"
- 21____ make the initial split in DNA.DNaA
- 22These helicases helps smooth out coils @ end of replication forks, breaks H-bond between DNA strands + further open strands.DNaB, DNaC
- 23Single-stranded binding proteins do what?Keep strands open + from binding together.
- 24DNaB + DNaC are both made of what?Proteins
- 25Why does DNA gyrase goes before helicases?This is the 1st step in smoothing supercoils, making helicases
job easier. - 26Once DNA strands are separated, what is made next?RNA primer
- 27Who makes the RNA primers?DNA primase.
- 28RNA primers are how long?10-12 nucleotides long.
- 29This daughter strand is made from 5' to 3' direction.Leading strand
- 30This strand is opposite to the leading strand in DNA synthesis.Lagging strand
- 31What is the lagging strand made of?Okazaki fragments that begin w/ a RNA primer
- 32After RNA primers are removed, what are they filled w/ + by whom?DNA; DNA ligase
- 33DNA polymerase 3 is also knowns as a...?Dimer.
- 34What is 5' to 3' exonuclease activity?DNA polymerase taking out primers + allows for corrections to be made.
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- DNA replication, continuation of lecture 10/23 for 2nd half of genetics
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- Isabella N
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