O GoConqr está de visual novo! Conte para nós o que você achou.

Registre-se grátis

Flashcards

globalisation part 2

becky sharrock Sociology AS level Inglês 87 flashcards

Flashcards do conjunto (87)

  1. 1postmodernism Lyotardmetanarratives
    idea that there is no one fixed truth in a postmodernist society
  2. 2postmodernism Beckrisk society, everything is uncertain, more choice leads to extremism
  3. 3postmodernism Collins2005
    by looking at how individuals construct their identity through social networks e.g. FB, using a micro sociological approach, it may be possible to see how people see the world around them
  4. 4contemporary example of differences between online and offline identitiesCatfish TV show
    SecondLife
    CyberCity
  5. 5postmodernism Hart2011
    individuals are writing and rewriting autobiographies on a daily basis reflecting their values and society's values
  6. 6postmodernism Case2007
    two adolescences: one online, one offline. hard to remove mistakes, don't realise what is being stored
    this can cause tension between people
  7. 7postmodernism Hart2011
    traditional interpretations regard posting on FB as trivial but events e.g. like status updates can be understood as culturally significant, reflect feelings. DC looks at how identity is created
  8. 8postmodernism Foucault1977
    a person who knows that they are being watched is less likely to commit a crime
    -surveillance likely to become most effective means of regulating behaviour and reducing crime
  9. 9postmodernism Miller: The Global Media Impact Study (2016)-social media is not making us more individualistic
    -social media is not making the world homogenous
    -polymedia: didn't just focus on one type of media- realistic
  10. 10postmodernism Digital communication is good-diffuses different cultures
    -hybridised global identity
    -fragmentation of knowledge: multiple interpretations of the truth
    -plurality of identities
  11. 11key word hybridised global identityincreasing hybridised world, a persons beliefs/behaviour may be influenced by a mixture of the local and global, the traditional and the modern
  12. 12postmodernism Baudrillard'hyper-reality'
    -people are so immersed in information in the digital age, they find it hard to distinguish between real life and the digital version of reality/hyper reality
    (simulation of reality e.g. Disneyland or films)
  13. 13postmodernism evaluation-don't recognise inequalities in accessing technology
    -doesn't explain digital divide and muted voices
    -exaggerates impact of the digital information explosion on ordinary people's capacity to bring change
    -Marxists say change favour powerful
    -we don't have free choice, shaped by socialisation
  14. 14key word digital divideinequalities in accessing and using digital technologies e.g. can't afford a smart phone
  15. 15the guardian by Juliette Garside-the average 6 year old understands more about digital technology than a 45 year old
    -TV viewing 16-24 year olds declining since 2010
    -16-24 year olds devote 14 hrs 7 mins a day to communications
  16. 16young people and digital communication statistics-Ofcom Report (2014): 98% of 16-34 year olds are now online
    -Ofcom: tablet use in 35-64 year olds has doubled
    -Guardian: 12-15 year spend just 3% of time on phone calls, over 90% is messaging
  17. 17young people and digital communication BoyleBoyle 2007: each new generation, greater reliance on digital communication. contributes to 'digital generation divide'. this divide also in media e.g. different music
  18. 181. digital natives 2. net generation 3. iGeneration1. (Prensky) used DC since early childhood, naturally skilled in digital devices
    2. first generation of internet users (1990s)
    3. those born after 2000
  19. 19young people and digital communication Impact-increases likelihood that children engage in political/social issues
    -less hierarchy of knowledge, access info
    -online support for children suffering e.g. bullying
    -internet could become part of primary socialisation
  20. 20young people and digital communication impact Palmerquality parenting replaced by technology to occupy children
  21. 21young people and digital communication impact Postmaninternet exposes children to adult content
  22. 222015 Ofcom surveymacro-generation divides between young and middled-aged or elderly users may be in decline as older age groups increasingly engage in online activities
  23. 23older people and digital communication statistics-Ofcom 2014: over 8/10 adults now go online, 9% increase in those 65+ ever going online
    -2/3 of online adults have a social networking profile
    -Ofcom: 6/10 UK adults use a smart phone
  24. 24older people and digital communication Berry-2011
    -content designed to encourage older people to use internet
    -e.g. Finerday is social netowrk which has functions like FB but with high contrast colours, large font and simplified format
  25. 25older people and digital communication Guardian article (Garside)-Guardian: typical adult spends more time consuming media than sleeping per day
    -Guardian: children spend 2% of time emailing, adults spend 33%
  26. 26older people and digital communication impact-digital generation divide
    -barriers to workforce
    -relationships (Cybercity, Second Life)
    -increase knowledge
    -more part of society
    -older generation using digital communications more, helps lifestyle
  27. 27digital communication and gender statistics-LinkedIn has more male users (24% of internet users) than women (19%)
    -in internet users, greater % of women use FB, Twitter, Insta and Snapchat
    -Ofcom (2015) women more likely to go online and use social media than men (67% vs 60%)
  28. 28digital communication and gender Li and Kirkup2007
    men more likely than women to use email, chat rooms, played more computer games on consoles e.g. Xbox
  29. 29digital communication and gender impact-patriarchal control reinforced
    -types of social media used by each gender reinforces gender roles
    -internet seen as masculine
  30. 30digital communication and class Helsper-DC dominated by middle class as they can afford to buy recent technology
    -DC revolution created a digital underclass, poor lack resources to join in
    -the digital underclass is characterised by unemployment, lower education and low digital skills
  31. 31digital communication and class Mertens and D'Haenes2010
    -lower social class linked with lower internet use (81% vs 94% in middle class)
    -lower class focus on entertainment in technology not knowledge (79% of game consoles owned, 63% in higher social classes)
  32. 32digital communication and class statistic-digital class divide narrowed but still there
    -2015 Ofcom: 3/4 of the AB socioeconomic group own smartphone, only 54% of DEs
  33. 33digital communication and class impact-some areas have low speed broadband, and expensive
    -impacts education
    -impacts on job opportunities (access to knowledge, IT skills, see jobs)
  34. 34digital communication and locality statistics-London as region with highest proportion of recent internet users in 2017 (93%) ONS
    -internet usage 2015 highest in Asia, lowest in Middle East
    -World Bank 2012, 3/4 of world's pop had access to a mobile phone
    -N.Ireland highest increase in internet users since 2011, 15%
  35. 35digital communication and locality Africa example-72% in 2014 had mobile. but Eritrea on 5%, over 70% in e.g. Kenya, south africa
    -18% access to smartphone 2014
    -7% of inhabitants are online. poor connectivity, most of internet in english
  36. 36digital communication and locality explanation-globalisation not happening evenly
    -countries like North Korea and China restrict internet access
    -don't have infrastructure
    -broadband
  37. 37digital communication and locality impact-prevents personal advancement e.g. job opportunities, access to knowledge
    -causes hierarchy
    -marginalises poor people further
    -prevents social mobility
    -developing countries fall behind
  38. 38Granovetter (strength of social ties)strength of ties between 2 individuals measured in 4 ways:
    1. time spent together
    2.emotional intensity of relationship
    3.level of intimacy
    4.degree of reciprocity
    -DC good: instant communication, expand social ties, overcome barriers
  39. 39Granovetter digital tiesdigital ties via social media are weak but are in many ways more important, create connections between members of networks that are important in evaluating identity of oneself and others
  40. 40Gardner and Davis-average UK person sends 50 texts per week, 'typical teen' sends 60 a day
    -hang out on FB like they used to in parks/McDonalds
    -FB a virtual 'tap on the shoulder', helps frequent contact
  41. 41Van Dijk (popularity)people have a vested interest in what Castells calls 'mass self-communication'.
    -subscribe to view that disclosing information on their identity is associated with popularity
  42. 42Van Dijk social capital-online relations produce social capital
    -'bonding social capital': those with similar interests interact, mutual aid
    -'bridging social capital' relationship with people who are different
    -'political social capital': political alliance= potential for social change
  43. 43Turkleinternet social networks free people from burdens of their physical identities allow them to present 'better' version of themselves
  44. 44Boydyoung people's involvement in digital networks helps them manage transition to adult world
    -more exposed to politics, adult info drugs/sex etc. perceive how someone your age should behave
  45. 45Gardener and Davis young people, trends in presentation of self1. socially desirable and 'glammed up' online
    2. adopt range of identities for different sites
    3. identity performance, checking their phone to manage their online impression
  46. 46Gardener and Davis critique of young people and DCconstant self tracking online reduces time teens have for self-contemplation and real life interaction. teenagers becoming more narcissistic
  47. 47Turkle critique of young people and DCyoung people are mentally 'tethered' to their digital devices
    -too dependent on how other people react to them online
  48. 48Twenge critique of young people and DCfear of negative reaction to their identity performance is producing rising levels of moodiness, anxiety, sadness and isolation among teenagers
  49. 49Marxist Fuchsfriendship and connectedness have become commodified
    -algorithms shepherd people towards making 'choices' that benefit capitalist agencies like advertisers
    -social media content reflects capitalism
  50. 50Kross and Verduynsocial networking sites may cause alienation as they create the impression other people have more friends and having more fun
  51. 51Livingstone 2009young people communicate more in the virtual world than they do with adult members of their families
  52. 52Turkle 2011 'Alone Together'-era of post familial family
    -family members spend more time interacting with gadgets than each other
    -devotion to checking phone almost religious
  53. 53elderly and identitytraining older vulnerable people to use social media improves their cognitive capacity, increases sense of self competence, could benefit mental and physical health
  54. 54disabled and DC Ginsburgenabled disabled to have first person discussion of their experiences
  55. 55disabled and DC digital videoexplosion of YouTube blogs of people with different disabilities helped create communities
    -could speak to audience about experience
  56. 56disabled and DC Miller-FB used to create support networks:
    -Disability Rights UK and Dancing Giraffe aim to provide the 50,000 diverse disabled people in the UK with a voice and political influence by connecting them online
  57. 57disabled and DC Virtual Worlds1. Boellstorff: SecondLife avatars. text chat meant deaf could talk like everyone else
    2.Virtual Ability designed by people with disabilites. chance to be virtually active e.g. mountain climbing, skydiving and dancing. improving self esteem and social skills
  58. 58critique of virtual worlds for disableddesign of virtual worlds e.g. small font problem for visually impaired, some may struggle typing
  59. 59Turkle 2011refer to new media users as 'cyborgs' because they are always connected to one other, regardless of where they are, via laptops, phone etc
  60. 60Bargh and McKennasocial platforms can help those with low self esteem relate to others because they lower barriers to interaction, easier to disclose feelings
  61. 61positive effect of DCs on relationships-breaks boundaries
    -instant
    -help those with muted voices/low esteem
    -find someone with shared interest (but could share an extreme view i.e. racism)
  62. 62negative effect of DCs on relationships-increasing anxiety
    -can't cope with being alone, we think being connected makes us less alone but this leads to isolation
    -social skills decline
    -disconnected, physical/mental health
    -texting during meetings/funerals (Turkle)
    -bullying
    -digital divide
  63. 63conflict and change Castells-now express political/social connections through DC not pressure groups etc
    -civil society approach is alternative source of political power, challenging state and market e.g. petitions through FB
  64. 64key word civil societycommunity of ordinary citizens who are linked by common interest and collective actions. argued that civil society is increasingly challenging traditional sources of power such as states and corporations
  65. 65conflict and change Itzoeinternet and social media used for anti-globalisation movement to organise worldwide protests against global organisations such as World Trade Organisation
  66. 66conflict and change MurthyTwitter has potential to shape people's social, political and economic lives e.g. communication about protests like Occupy in London and New York 2011
    -WikiLeaks leaked documents on gov
    -Anonymous: cyber attacks on gov
  67. 67Castells and Kaasimthe Arab Spring movement 2010-13 succeeded in removing dictators in Tunisia and Egypt using social networks e.g. FB schedule public protests, Twitter coordinate, YouTube showed authorities reactions
  68. 68Curran (however)arab spring movement caused by economic, political and religious factors. social media facilitated but didn't cause uprising
  69. 69Wilson and Dunnfact to fact, TV and print media more important than social media for getting people onto the streets
  70. 70conflict and change UN 2015 internet access4 billion people have no access to the internet
  71. 71conflict and change Martell-digital tech gives false impression of more power given to a greater num of people
    -technologically the internet is revolutionary but it doesn't mean that it will have a revolutionary impact on cultural or political life
  72. 72conflict and change Keen-internet too chaotic to bring change
    -social networks don't contribute to democratic process, they are vehicles for shameless self-promotion
    -content of Twitter and blogs unchecked, so lies and trolling are the norm
  73. 73Key word Hegemonywestern ideology filtered down
  74. 74one culture characterised by following world view:-capitalist ideology
    -patriarchal ideology
    -consumerism being central
    -secular ideas
    -increased individualism
  75. 75key word cultural defenseways societies attempt to protect their local cultures from globalised culture and the way digital forms of communication are used to support and enhance local culture
  76. 76what is reverse colonisationthe colonised (or those colonised in the past) reassert their culture and authority.
    -Giddens (1991): it is not the western powers dominating over less powerful groups culturally, but the other way around
  77. 77cultural defense: local practices through non gov-Al-Jazeera, Muslim TV channel
    -culturalsurvival.org indigenous tribes use technology to gain voice and defend culture
    -EDL on social media
    -Greenpeace
  78. 78cultural defense: local conflicts get international attention-Park and Curran (1997) Zapatista rebels in Mexico used their support through internet to win international sympathy
    -Arab Spring
    -Rohingya refugees
  79. 79cultural defense Glocalisation-MTV adapts programmes in Japan, India, France...
    -FB in Trinidad called Fasbook (Miller)
    -Indian film industry: Bollywood combines western ideas
  80. 80cultural defense indigenous protection-culturalsurvival.org
    -survival international, and Tribalnet help fight for rights
  81. 81cultural defense Internet among religious groups-Taliban, Islamic fundamentalists use internet to gain support and protect their interests
    -Digital Jesus by Howard: Right wing Christian fundamentalists
  82. 82'Digital Jesus'Howard 2011
    -internet being used in Christian fundamentalist groups
    -like-minded people created a web of religious communication on the internet, making a new type of religious movement, without a leader
    -ethnography
  83. 83cultural defence Chinablocked all references to 'democracy' on search engine, denies access to eg Wikipedia
  84. 84cultural defence McKayfilipinos in London.
    -used digital networks to digitally return to comfort of types of cultural relationships they had left behind
  85. 85cultural defence culturalsurvival.orgdocuments diverse range of ways indigenous tribes using digital tech to gain voice, to defend their cultures from exploitation by corporate interests
  86. 86cultural defence However, ISISposted photos and statements on their operation e.g. bombings, suicide missions..
    -promotional videos and 'one billion campaign'
  87. 87cultural defence Heldflow of digital culture not just one way
    -Western musicians e.g. Paul Simon worked with African musicians to fuse genres
    -influences by cultures of other societies

Informações

Descrição
AS level Sociology (Ms Sillwood) FlashCards sobre globalisation part 2, criado por becky sharrock em 20-12-2017.
Criado por
becky sharrock
Visualizações
1
Avaliação

Mais sobre Digital communication and globalisation

Fale Conosco

Sobre o que é sua mensagem?

O que você acha do novo visual?

Você gostou?