Flashcards
GCSE RE-Christianity: Ethics-THE USE OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY
Flashcards do conjunto (53)
- 1What is fertility treatment?A treatment that helps a woman get pregnant
- 2Name the arguments FOR Fertility Treatment (IVF, AI, Surrogacy)-Christians believe that God wants them to be happy
-Infidelity is like any illness and should be treated with medical help
-God asked humans to 'Go fourth and multiply'
-It is better for the child and their parents to have a biological link, rather than using adoption
- 3Name the arguments AGAINST Fertility Treatment (IVF, AI, Surrogacy)-The bible tells us in Genesis that a new life show be from the coming together of a husband and wife and not a scientific process-it undermines Christian marriage
-Children are a gift from God, not something he have a right to
-There are many children in need of adoption
- 4What is IVF?A scientific method of getting a woman pregnant, which does not involve sex. Fertilisation of the egg by sperm occurs in a test tube
- 5What does IVF stand for?In Vitro Fertilisation
- 6What do the Latin words 'In Vitro' mean?'In Glass'
- 7What is the IVF procedure?1-Woman's ovaries stimulated to make multiple eggs
2-Each egg is fertilised in vitro
3-Some eggs are placed in mother's womb
-Some are frozen for possible later use
-Unwanted embryos are disguarded
- 8Name one argument AGAINST IVFBoth the frozen embryos that are not used and additional embryos that are not needed are are destroyed, this is seen as killing, and goes against the commandment 'Do not kill'
- 9What is Artificial Insemination (AI)?When the sperm is medically inserted into the womb to assist pregancy
- 10What is Artificial Insemination by Husband (AIH)?When a woman is made pregnant by the sperm of her husband, but not through sex
- 11What is Artificial Insemination by Donor (AID)?When a woman is made pregnant by the sperm if a man other than her partner, but not through sex
- 12What is Traditional Surrogacy?The surrogate mother's egg is fertilised by Artificial Insemination by the sperm of another woman's partner (womb and egg of surrogate)
- 13What is Gestational Surrogacy?An embryo from a couple is created through IVF and then implanted in the surrogate mother (womb of the surrogate)
- 14Name two arguments FOR Surrogacy-If you are fortunate enough to be able to bear children it is loving and compassionate to share that with those who are who do not have that gift
-There are biblical examples of surrogacy (e.g. Abraham and Sarah have their son Ishmael 'through' Hagar)
- 15Name two arguments AGAINST Surrogacy-Surrogacy brings a new person into the marriage and creation of new life, this may cause problems for the relationship
-There may be issues for the child in terms of identity
- 16What is the CATHOLIC Churches view on Fertility Treatment?-The embryo deserves absolute respect and protection
-The child is a gift, not a right or commodity to be ordered
-It believes that every child should be born as a result of the conjugal act within marriage
- 17What is the CHURCH OF ENGLAND's view on Fertility Treatment?-The embryo deserves respect and protection, but not absolute
-Fertility treatments are acceptable 'only during years when, under normal circumstances, they might concieve'
- 18What is Genetic Engineering?Works with genes:
switches them on/off, removes faulty genes, replaces them with good genes
- 19What is a somatic cell?Any cell in the body other than an egg or sperm cell. They contain a person's entire DNA
- 20What is Somatic Cell Therapy?Gene Therapy:
Making genes better
- 21Name a case study of Gene Therapy and what their experience wasRHYS EVANS
-Failure to respond to antibiotics
-Admitted to hospital
-Daily uncertainty about survival
-Diagnosed with X-SCID
-In 2002 became 1st child in UK to recieve Somatic Cell Therapy
-Now a healthy schoolboy
- 22Name four arguments FOR gene therapy-Churches (C of E, Catholic) agree, as this is a treatment aimed at healing, Jesus healed the sick and so should we
-Life is sacred, and this saves a life 'We are made in the image of God'
-It is an act of compassion-Jesus showed it to those in need: 'Love your neighbour'
-The development of this therapy is responsible as it helps us use our God given skills
- 23Name three arguments AGAINST gene therapy-It is very risky-one French child developed Leukaemia as a result of gene therapy
-Large sums of money are spent on, it, perhaps it could be spent on more common conditions
-Some would argue that it is not compassionate to give someone a treatment where long term effects are not known
- 24What are the 3 types of designer babies?-Saviour Siblings (legal in UK)
-Getting rid of diseases (legal in UK)
-Cosmetic Reasons (illegal in UK)
- 25What are Saviour Siblings?Having a child to save the life of an existing one
- 26What is the process to produce saviour siblings?1) Embryo created through IVF
2)Embryo tested to check child is free from genetic disease and a match to existing child
3)Embryos that pass the test are implanted into the mother
4)Baby born and bone marrow given to its sibling - 27Explain what the HFEA doesGoverns decision making on bio-ethical issues
- 28What are the conditions for having saviour siblings set by the HFEA?-Condition must be severe or life-threatening and continuous
-Needs to be last resort
-Cannot have one for organ transplantation - 29Name a case study of Saviour Siblings and their experienceMEGAN MATTHEWS
-Fanconi Anaemia: inherited conditon, causes bone marrow failure
-1 in 4 four chance of matching sibling naturally so created a match through IVF
-Baby Max born and bone marrow given to Megan
- 30Name the arguments FOR Saviour Siblings-Life is sacred, saviour siblings save lives
-Just another reason to have a child
-Good use of our God-given skills
-Act of compassion on part of sibling
-Like any form of healing, we should follow Jesus' example
-God wants us to be happy-saviour siblings provide happiness
- 31Name the arguments AGAINST Saviour Siblings-IVF is involved: destroys embryos/lives
-It is not a conjugal act but a scientific process
-Only a means to an end: child should be valued for being itself, not for its purpose
-Sibling could be emotionally damaged when they find out why they were born or if the treatment fails
- 32Describe Designer Babies for getting rid of diseasesSelecting embryos that are free from genetic diseases
- 33Name 3 arguments FOR Designer Babies for getting rid of Diseases-Christians believe that God wants us to be happy, designer babies provide this
-It is an act of compassion to ensure a child is free from a genetic condition
-It is a good use of our God-given skills
- 34Name 3 arguments AGAINST Designer Babies for getting rid of Diseases-Involves the destruction of new life-breaks the commandment 'Do not kill'
-Those with diseases/disabilities may be devalued by the desire to prevent all genetic illness/disability
-There is a risk that the test itself could damage the child
- 35What are Designer Babies for Cosmetic Reasons?-Sex selection
-Selecting embryos to determine appearance, intelligence, abilities
- 36Describe the procedure for Designer Babies for Cosmetic Reasons1-Embryo created through IVF
2-Embryos selected according to sex and charcteristics - 37Name the arguments FOR Designer Babies for Cosmetic Reasons-It may seem compassionate in some cases
-It is natural for parents to want the best for their child
- 38Name the arguments AGAINST Designer Babies for Cosmetic Reasons-Encourages Idolatry (e.g. worship of beauty)
-Discrimination to base your opinion on looks / abilities
-Lead to a two-tier society (rich better human species than poor)
-"Playing God" children are a gift, not something to be 'designed'
- 39What is cloning?Creating an identical genetic copy of a cell or organism
- 40What are the two types of cloning?-REPRODUCTIVE CLONING
(illegal in UK)
-THERAPEUTIC CLONING
(Legal in UK up to 14 days) - 41What is REPRODUCTIVE cloning?-Cloning embryos for REPRODUCTION
-Existing genetic material put into a fertilised egg to produce identical embryo
- 42What is the REPRODUCTIVE cloning PROCEDURE?
- 43Name an argument FOR Reproductive CloningIt is an act of compassion for those for whom other forms of fertility treatment are not suitable (Jesus showed compassion to those in need)
- 44Name six arguments AGAINST reproductive cloning-All Christian Churches see it as morally wrong
-Undermines Christian marriage
Exploitation of an innocent human life
-Encourages idea that children are a commodity-they are a gift from God
-Encourages Idolatry
-Can be seen as playing God
- 45What is THERAPEUTIC CLONING?-Cloning Embryos for RESEARCH
-Develops treatment for motor neurone disease, alzheimers...etc.
- 46What is the process of Therapeutic Cloning?
- 47What are stem cells?UNDIFFERENTIATED CELLS
A cell that can:
-make any cell
-reproduce itself
-be turned into a particular cell - 48What is Stem Cell Research used for?It is used to develop treatments (e.g. motor neurone disease, Alzheimers) and conditions such as spinal injuries
- 49Name four arguments FOR Therapeutic Cloning-God wants us to be HAPPY
-It is a form of HEALING
-It is an act of COMPASSION
-Can be used for transplants, REMOVES the need for organ donation: saves lives
- 50Name three arguments AGAINST Therapeutic Cloning-It involves the destruction of new life
-Life is sacred, not something to be disposed of
-It is exploitation of an innocent human life
- 51What are Hybrid Embryos within Therapeutic cloning?Using animal eggs with human DNA to create an embryo
- 52Describe the process of using Hybrid Embryos within Therapeutic cloning
- 53Name an argument AGAINST Hybrid Embryos within Therapeutic cloningChristians believe an embryo is a sacred life given by God, made in his image. To mix humans with animals can be seen as demeaning the image of God
Informações
- Descrição
- Part of GCSE RE-Christianity: Ethics-looking at the whole of The Use of Medical Technology (WILL BE ADDED TO OVER THE COMING WEEKS)
- Criado por
- I Turner
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