Flashcards
Immunity
Flashcards do conjunto (43)
- 1first line of defenceintact skin + mucus membrane
- 2second line of defenceinnate immunity
- 3innate immunity1. not specific
2. rapid
3. preformed
4. fully active - 4third line of defenceadaptive immunity
- 5adaptive immunity classificationcell-mediated and humoral/antibody-mediated
- 6antibody functionsOpsonization
neutralize toxins & viruses
complement fixation
prevent attachment of microbes
catalytic ability - 7Cell mediated immunity is forinhibiting fungi, parasites, intracellular bacteria
kill virus infected cells
kill tumor cells (new antigens) - 8Adaptive immunity characteristicSpecific
Memory
Diverse - 9Bridge b/w adaptive & innate immunitymacrophages + dendritic cells
- 10first step of adaptive immunity activationpresentation of antigens to Th cells by APCs
- 11Origin of host defencesrecognition by specific immune cells
activation of immune cells
response that targets the offender - 12Which antigen activates B cells directly?bacterial polysaccharides (T cell independent antigens)
- 13T cell independent antigensonly IgM is produced
- 14functions of B cells (during induction process)present epitopes to Th cells (IgM receptor)
- 15IgM receptor recognizes what compoundsCHO, lipids, DNA, RNA, foreign proteins
- 16MHC II of B cellsrecognize only peptide fragments
- 17INNATE IMMUNITYexists prior to exposure,
non specific
no improval after exposure
no memory
kill microbes
activate adaptive immunity - 18host defences of innate immunity1. Barriers
2. Cells
3. Proteins
4. Processes (inflammation, phagocytosis) - 19Recognition by innate armpattern recognition receptors- recognize PAMPs
- 20Innate arm receptors on surface of cellsTLR + Mannan binding lectin receptors
- 21Innate arm receptors inside the cytoplasmNOD + RIG-I helicase receptors
- 22Toll Like Receptors (TLR)10 receptors
Location: Macrophages, dendritic cells, mast cells - 23TLR Functionactivate transcription factors, which increase production of proinflammatory cytokines
- 24TLR-4recognizes LPS (gram -ve bacteria)
LPS binds to LPS binding protein in plasma; LPS transferred to Macrophages surface receptor CD14
LPS stimulates TLR 4 - 25Function of TLR 4transmission of signals to nucleus to induce sysnthesis of IL 1, IL 6, IL 8, TNF, & B7 (costimulator)
- 26TLR 2recognize Gram +ve bacteria & yeast
- 27Mannan binding lectinrecognizes mannan on bacteria & yeast
- 28Location of MBL (mannan binding lectin)dendritic cells & macrohages
- 29Function of MBLactivation of Complement system
enhancement of phagocytosis
In Acute phase reaction, MBL increased - 30Candida albicans recognitionby a C type lectin receptor (beta glucan recognized)
- 31NOD receptorsPeptidoglycan recognized
- 32NOD receptor locationmacrophages, dendritic cells, epithelial cells
- 33Function of NODrecognition of intracellular pathogens like listeria
- 34RIG I helicase receptornucleic acid of viruses recognized
- 35Function of RIG I helicase receptorviruses recognized and IFN alpha & beta formed
- 36Effectors of innate immunityCellular: macrophages, dendritic cells, NKC (only for viruses)
Non-cellular: complement, cytokines, proteins (APR), defensin - 37Pro-inflammatory cytokinesInflammosome, IL 1
- 38Anti-inflammatory cytokinesIL 10, transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta)
- 39APRs : CRP MBLCRP: binds to CHO in S. pneumoniae
MBL: binds to mannan of bacteria - 40Defensinpositively charged peptides;
make pores and kill;
antiviral too - 41Defensin locationGIT intestinal crypts (neutrophils & paneth cells- alpha)
lower respiratory tract (beta defensin) - 42Alpha defensinantiviral, doesn't let HIV bind to CXCR4
- 43APOBEC3G (apolipoprotein B RNA editing enzyme)against retrovirus,
Informações
- Descrição
- Medicine FlashCards sobre Immunity, criado por Maryam Nasir em 02-08-2018.
- Criado por
- Maryam Nasir
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