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Flashcards

Module 14 - Respiratory System

Terry Sellers Biology Inglês 51 flashcards

Flashcards do conjunto (51)

  1. 1What are the names of the 4 different physiological processes of the Respiratory System?1. Breathing / Ventilating
    2. External Respiration
    3. Gas Transport
    4. Internal Respiration
  2. 2The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and blood is 1. Breathing / Ventilating 2. External Respiration 3. Gas Transport 4. Internal RespirationExternal Respiration
  3. 3______ moves oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the body tissues. 1. Breathing / Ventilating 2. External Respiration 3. Gas Transport 4. Internal RespirationGas Transport
  4. 4The process of moving air to and out of the lungs is referred to as: 1. Breathing / Ventilating 2. External Respiration 3. Gas Transport 4. Internal RespirationBreathing
    or
    Ventilation
  5. 5The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and the body tissues is referred to as 1. Breathing / Ventilating 2. External Respiration 3. Gas Transport 4. Internal RespirationInternal Respiration
  6. 6Know the pathway of moving gases from outside the body to a capillary.1. Nose or Mouth
    2. Trachea
    3. Bronchus
    4. Bronchiole
    5. Alveolus in lung
    diffuses to
    6. Blood capillary
  7. 7Know the pathway of moving gases from a capillary to outside the body.1. Blood capillary
    diffuses to
    2. Alveolus in lung
    3. Bronchiole
    4. Bronchus
    5. Trachea
    6. Nose or Mouth
  8. 8The large air-filled spaces in the bones of the face are referred to as ____________.Sinuses
  9. 9The sinuses _________ and __________ the air during breathing which serves to make walking more pleasant in cold walks.1. warm
    2. moisten
  10. 10The mucous membranes of the sinuses, part of the upper respiratory system, often get inflamed. This is referred to as ____________________ (1 word)Sinusitis
  11. 11The pharynx, part of the upper respiratory system, serves as a passageway for 3 things. They are:1. Food
    2. Drink
    3. Air
  12. 12The middle ear is connected to the pharynx (throat) via the __________________ or __________________ tubes.1. Auditory
    2. Eustachian
  13. 13What equalizes the pressure between the ear and the throat and particularly comes into play when you are flying in an airplane or driving up or down a steep mountain?Auditory or Eustachian tubes
  14. 14What are 2 other names for the Adam's apple?Larynx or voice box
  15. 15What is a boxlike structure made primarily of cartilage?Larynx, Adam's Apple or voice box
  16. 16Where is the selective entrance to the lower respiratory system?Larynx, Adam's Apple or voice box
  17. 17What makes it possible to talk?The voice box, larynx or Adam's Apple
  18. 18When water or air is _________________, the larynx rises up and causes a flap of cartilage to cover an opening in the larynx through which air passes.Swallowed
  19. 19What is the name of the flap of cartilage that rises up during the swallowing process?Epiglottis
  20. 20What is the name of the opening in the larynx that air is allowed to pass through?Glottis
  21. 21When you get choked during eating, it may be necessary to have someone perform the __________________ ________________ (2 words) on you to dislodge the food.Heimlich maneuver
  22. 22What is the "universal sign of chocking?"Hands clutched to the throat
  23. 23The lower respiratory system comprises (makes up) the bronchial ______________.tree
  24. 24The windpipe is also known as the ________________.trachea
  25. 25List the sub-divisions of the bronchial tree from the largest to the smallest.Trachea
    Primary Bronchi (right and left bronchi)
    Bronchioles
    Alveoli
  26. 26What serves as sacs for gas exchange in the lungs?Alveoli
  27. 27What disease causes spasms of the bronchial muscles that severely restrict air flow?Asthma
  28. 28What three things characterize asthma?1. Wheezing
    2. Difficult Breathing
    3. Persistent inflammation of the airways.
  29. 29What is the general description of drugs that may be used to treat and relax bronchial muscles and reduce inflammation of the air tubules.Inhalants or inhalers
  30. 30What are the 2 major processes the occur in the alveoli during respiration?1. Oxygen diffuses from the inhaled air into the blood.
    2. Carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the alveolar air to be exhaled.
  31. 31The alveoli are sometimes described as looking like a cluster of ______________.grapes
  32. 32When oxygen diffuses into the body cells from the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood from the body cells, this is referred to as 1. Breathing / Ventilating 2. External Respiration 3. Gas Transport 4. Internal RespirationInternal Respiration
  33. 33Most oxygen in the blood is bound to ___________.hemoglobin
  34. 34Define oxyhemoglobin.Hemoglobin bound to oxygen
  35. 35Define CarbaminohemoglobinCarbon dioxide that is bound to hemoglobin.
    Can you spell it?
  36. 36Most carbon dioxide is not transported in the blood as CO2, but rather as _______________ ______ (2 words).bicarbonate ion
  37. 37Fluid accumulating in the alveoli, reducing gas exchange is a finding of _____________. What 2 major things happen during pneumonia which is an inflammation of the lungs.Pneumonia
  38. 38When the bronchioles swell and narrow, making breathing difficult (Not asthma) it is a finding of ____________.Pneumonai
  39. 39What are the 2 most common causes of pneumonia?They can be:
    1. Bacterial
    or
    2. Viral
    infections.
  40. 40If you have swollen lymph glands (nodes) and fever, you may have a common infection known as _______ _______. (2 words)Strep Throat
    Strep throat is caused by Streptococcus bacteria
  41. 41When you get a sore throat you should always get a "strep test" because strep can have SERIOUS consequences. The 2 named on the slide were:1. Rheumatic fever
    2. Kidney disease (glomerulonephritis)
  42. 42Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the cause of Tuberculosis. and is transmitted through _________________ dropletsrespiratory
  43. 43TRUE / FALSE Many strains of the bacterium causing tuberculosis are becoming resistant to various _________, making them more difficult to treat.Drugs
    or Medication
  44. 44What disease does COPD stand for?Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder
  45. 45Most common cause of COPD is ____________.Tobacco (smoking)
  46. 46What are the 2 most common examples of COPD?1. Bronchitis
    2. Emphysema
  47. 47In emphysema the alveoli are destroyed typically by smoking. This results in an increase of dead air space in the lungs. How does this affect gas exchange?Gas exchange is reduced because there is less surface area available for gas exchange.
  48. 48TRUE / FALSE Fortunately, there are now new drugs that can cure COPD and eliminate "shortness of breath".FALSE
    The damage of the alveoli resulting in increase of dead air space is permanent.
    COPD can be treated, but not cured.
  49. 49TRUE / FALSE About 65% of the cases of lung cancer are caused by smoking.FALSE
    85 to 90% are caused by smoking.
  50. 50TRUE / FALSE Over 85% of the cases of lung cancer can be prevented.TRUE
    Don't smoke. Although quitting smoking may not eliminate all lung cancers it is greatly reduced after just a couple of years after quitting. See the October 2021 article in this Module 14 on Brightspace
  51. 51List the 4 steps that represent the typical progression of lung cancer.1. Chronic inflammation of the lungs
    2. Changes in the cells of the airway linings
    3. Uncontrolled cell division forms a tumor
    4. Cancer cells spread to other parts of the lung and rest of the body

Informações

Descrição
SMC Biology 106 - Module 14 Respiratory System - D/ Terry R. Sellers, professor
Criado por
Terry Sellers · mar 2022
Atualizado
24 mar 2022
Visualizações
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