Flashcards

Chapter 2

bestrickland Civics & Economics 10th Inglês 35 flashcards

Flashcards do conjunto (35)

1Enlightenmenta European intellectual movement of the late 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason and science could improve society
2—great charter signed in 1215 by King John; limited the power of the monarch and recognized rights of the nobles
3Glorious Revolution1688 the peaceful transfer of power in history with England
4English Bill of Rightsin English history guaranteed free elections, the right to a fair trial, and make cruel and unusual punishment illegal
5Parliamentthe highest British legislature
6Mayflower Compactdocument signed by passengers of Mayflower; created a direct democracy in the New World
7House of Burgessesbicameral legislature in Jamestown, Virginia; also was the first representative idea of a social contract
8Bicameralhaving two branches or chambers
9John LockeEnglish philosopher whose natural rights philosophy was a BIG influence on Thomas Jefferson
10Natural RightsRights that you are born with: life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
11Social Contractagreement between the people and the government
12Baron de Montesquieuphilosopher that came up with "separation of powers"
13Salutary neglectEngland didn't strictly enforce its laws in the colonies
14French Indian War7 years war; between England and France because of war debt England began to tax the colonies
15—England said colonists not settle new lands beyond the Appalachian mountains
16Mercantilismthe theory that a country should sell more goods to other countries than it buys
17Boston Massacrea street fight that occurred on March 5, 1770, between a "patriot" mob, throwing snowballs, stones, and sticks, and a squad of British soldiers
18Boston Tea Partycolonists snuck aboard British ships and dumped 90,000 pounds of tea into the Boston Harbor
19Separation of Powersan act of vesting the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies
20"No taxation without representation"slogan that summed up the colonists anger over taxes and the fact the the colonies were NOT allowed to send representatives to Parliament
21Fundamental Orders of Connecticut1st written constitution in the New World
22Triangular Tradetrade between Europe, Africa, and the Americas
23Stamp Acta tax on printed materials such as legal documents
24Boycottthe refusal to purchase certain goods
25Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts)these laws were punished by the Boston colonists for the Boston Tea Party
26First Continental Congressa meeting of delegates from twelve of the thirteen colonies that met on September 5 to October 26, 1774
27Olive Branch Petitionadopted by the Second Continental Congress on July 5, 1775 in a final attempt to avoid a full-on war between the 13 colonies
28Second Continental Congressmeeting of a colonial delegates in May 1775; a committee of 5 men were appointed to write a document declaring American independence
29Quartering Actpart of the Intolerable Acts; act that required colonists to house and feed British soldiers
30Declaration of Independencethe document addressed to King George II of England that declared American Independence
31Thomas Jeffersonauthor of the Declaration of Independence
32Articles of Confederationour first government; lasted for about 10 years; created a "league of friendship" between the 13 states
33Daniel Shays Rebelliona wake up call for Americans; Daniel led a rebellion of Massachusetts farmers against the federal government under the AOC
34Philadelphia Convention (Constitutional Convention)met May-Sept. 1787 delegates suppose to fix the AOC; end up writing a new constitution
35James MadisonFather of the Constitution