Flashcards
Biochem
Flashcards do conjunto (18)
- 1what are the 3 branched amino acids?leucine
isoleucine
valine - 2what are the three amino acids with aromatic ring systems attached?histidine
phenylalanine
tryptophan - 3what are the 5 groups of plasma proteins based on electrophoresis?serum albumin
alpha 1 globulins
alpha 2 globulins
beta globulins
gamma globulins - 4how is myoglobin different to haemoglobin?myoglobin- storage of oxygen, does not let go of oxygen easily, found in muscles.
haemoglobin- transporter of oxygen, lets go of oxygen easily, found in blood - 5how does the structure of haemoglobin allow the release of only one oxygen?muscles are under stress so lactic acid and CO2 in the blood increases. Environment becomes acidic & oxygen is released
- 6what are the functions of albumin in the blood?acts as a buffer to stabilise pH of blood
source of amino acids for cells
regulates water distribution by colloid osmotic pressure
transports fatty acids, calcium, copper & drugs - 7what is a Fab, a F(ab prime)2 and an Fc?Fab is an antigen binding fragment
F(ab prime)2 is Fab region if broken by pepsin from Fc region
Fc is responsible for function of immunoglobulins - 8where in the body can each class of antibody be found?IgG- blood & lymph
IgA- secretions
IgE- mast cell, basophils
IgM- B cells, blood, lymph
IgD- B cells - 9why is the Fc region so important in immunoglobulins?activates inflammation and complement system
- 10what are the hyper variable regions and what is their other name?they are the antigen binding sites also known as complementarity determining region
- 11what is an epitope in relation to an antigen?it is the part where the anybody binds
- 12what is the difference between a polyclonal an monoclonal antibody response?polyclonal- produces non specific antibodies, recognises multiple epitopes
monoclonal- produces specific antibodies, recognises only one epitope - 13what are j chains and secretory pieces and where would you find them?J chains are joining regions found on igA's and igM's. Secretory component processes igA out.
- 14why is a hinge region important on immunoglobulins? Do they all have one?Hinge regions helps flexibility & allow both Fab arms to bind to antigenic site, they do not all possess a hinge region
- 15what is the difference between affinity and avidity?affinity- how well an antibodies antigen binding site binds to epitope
avidity- overall strength of antibody eg- ivm high avidity because more binding sites - 16what is the effect of aspartate on the CNS? which receptor does aspartate bind too?excitory response- aspartate binds to glutamate receptors (NMDA) needs glycine to bind as well, or AMPA- only glutamate needs to bind and slower response than NMDA
- 17how does glutamate act to increase free intracellular Ca2+ levelscreates a change in membrane potential to allow gates to open and ca2+ to flow in
- 18—
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- FlashCards sobre Biochem, criado por greeny33 em 12-04-2016.
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