Flashcards
B3D
Flashcards do conjunto (27)
- 1Effects of population explosion- Increasing population puts pressure on the environment as humans need to resources to live.
We are living longer due to better and increase in medicine, and more stable food production - 2EOPE 2- BY trying to increase our standard of life we use materials such as raw materials which heavily effect the environment. Also we need energy to power this stuff which if not renewable has a negative environment effect.
- 3Water pollutionSewage and toxic waste produced by industry can pollute rives lakes oceans.
This affects the animals and plants who use water (also us)
Fertilisers and pesticides can be washed into the river aswell which has negative effects. - 4Land pollutionWe use toxic chemicals (pesticide and herbicide).
We bury nuclear toxic water underground.
We dump our waste into landfill sites. - 5Air pollutionSmoke and gases produced by industry and human creations cause a rise in gases such as sulphur dioxide and carbon dioxide.
- 6Deforestation positives- This means to chop down trees.
-Land gained for farming which can increase food amounts, and biofuels.
-Produces wood which can be used for building and paper. - 7Deforestation negatives MethaneMore methane is produced.
New farm land can mean rice fields or cattle. Cattle produce methane naturally.
Rice fields are perfect conditions for decomposers which produce methane. - 8More CO2Co2 is produced when trees are burnt to clear land.
Co2 is produced by microorganisms which feed on dead wood. - 9Less CO2 removedCutting down trees lowers the amount of overall photosynthesis done as there are less trees
- 10Less biodiversity(Variety of species in a habitat)
-When a rainforest is chopped down, lots of animals lose there homes and risk extinction.
-This means we risk losing and animal or plant which could be a useful future product. - 11Peat bogs-Areas or acidic and waterlogged land.
-plants which lived and died in peat bogs do not compose as there is little oxygen.
- This means the carbon form the dead organism is stored in the bog instead of the atmosphere. - 12Peat bogs 2- However peat bogs are now often drained or used as farmland, or peat is slow to farmers.
- The removal or destruction of the bogs, means the stored carbon is released into the atmosphere.
-Buying Peat-free compost means there is less demand which is better. - 13Global warming- The temperature of the earth is a balance between the heat getting in for the sun and the heat which leaves the earth.
-Gases in the atmosphere act as an insulting layer. this means the heat is reflected in all directions including back to earth. - 14Global warming 2- If this didn't happen the earth would most probably freeze at night.
- The gases which reflect heat back to earth are called "greenhouse gases"
-The earth is warming up due to the increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. - 15Climate changeThis is the change in things such as sea level and the ice cap due to the increase of temperatures, this can be seen by satellites.
- 16Biofuels- Biofuels are carbon natural.
- Made via fermentation (bacteria, yeast and sugar (no oxygen))
- Lower energy yield than petrol
-Ethanol
Gasohol=Ethanol+petrol - 17Biogas-A fuels which can be used for many things.
-It is about 70% methane and 30%CO2.
-Can not be stored as liquid so it needs to be used quickly.
-Produced from waste. - 18Production of Biogas (When you start there is a vast peak in CO2 before methane is produced (oxygen in the tank before it begins (Aerobic respiration))).Biogas generator:
1) Put waste material which can grow bacteria.
2) Slurry is produced when material is broken down.
3) it is import ant the temperer is high and the conditions are anaerobic (bacteria needed). - 19POB 24) The anaerobic bacteria produce biogas.
5) Biogas can burn. When it is made it is in a air tight container and the pressure will help it be pushed out.
6) The remaining substance can be used as fertiliser.
7) Underground to insulate. - 20Batch vs continuousCost:
Continuous cost more as waste has to be mechanically pumped in and out.
Convinces:
Batch is less convinent as it has to be manually refilled. - 21B vs C 2Efficiency:
Both need to work at about 35c for this to work. Insulation keeps the tank warm and there should be no leaks in the tank.
Position:
Best close to a waste facility but far away from housing due to smell. - 22Food production-Reduce the number of steps in the food chain
-Factory farming
-Develop new food sources - 23Number of steps in the food chainEnergy is lost at every stage of the food chain. The least amount of step possible means more energy for us.
- 24Factory farmingChickens and pigs can be factory farmed. This is where the animals are closely cramped in cages. There are ethical problems however as there is minimal movement more energy is left for growth.
- 25New sources of food-Mycoprotein:
Used to make meat substitutes (quorn)
A mixture of protein and fungi.
It is made by aerobic fermentation, however microorganisms can not be present! so the column is sterilised.
- Good as a land alternative to animals in poor countries. - 26Overfishing:-Fish stocks decline as we fish too much.
-This means the ocean food chain is effected and some species extinct in areas. - 27SolutionsFishing Quotas:
This is where a limit is put on the size of fish you can fish and how many.
Net size:
By using a larger mesh on the net unwanted species and younger fish can slip though the net.
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- GCSE Biology FlashCards sobre B3D, criado por Christopher Moore em 09-06-2016.
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- Christopher Moore
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