Flashcards
1.3 Proteins
Flashcards do conjunto (22)
- 1What are proteins used for? (4)•Form cell structures
•Form enzymes
•Form chemical messengers
•Form blood components - 2What are proteins made up of?Monomers (single units) called amino acids which have been joined together
- 3What structure do all amino acids have?
- 4What differs between amino acids?R group
- 5What is a dipeptide?Two amino acids joined together
- 6What is a polypeptide?More than two amino acids joined together
- 7What bond is formed when amino acids join together during a condensation reaction to release a water molecule?A peptide bond (C-N)
- 8How is a peptide bond formed?OH from carboxyl group and H from amino group taken out to form H2O molecule.
- 9What are the 4 types of sequences of amino acids?•Primary
•Secondary (alpha-helix and beta-sheet)
•Tertiary
•Quaternary - 10What is a proteins shape very specific to in the primary sequence?The proteins function
- 11What are the weak bonds in the secondary structure known as and what do they do?Hydrogen bonds - cause long chain to be twisted
- 12What are the 3 bonds in a tertiary sequence and what do they do?•Disulfide bridges - relatively strong and not easily broken
•Ionic bonds - formed between any carboxyl and amino groups not involved in forming peptide bonds. Weaker than disulfide and easily broken by changes in pH
•Hydrogen bonds - numerous but easily broken - 13What do quaternary structures consist of?Several polypeptide chains
- 14What are the 2 protein groups which proteins can be grouped into and give examples of both?•Fibrous proteins (E.g: collagen and keratin)
•Globular proteins (E.g: haemoglobin and enzymes) - 15Where is each type of protein located?•Fibrous: hair, nails & bones, cartilage
•Globular: blood, cells and glands - 16Description of structure of fibrous proteins?Consists of long parallel polypeptide chains held together by cross-links and are twisted and tightly bound
- 17Description of structure of globular proteins?Spherical compact shape caused by tightly folded polypeptide chains. Chains are folded with hydrophobic groups on the outside and hydrophilic groups on the inside.
- 18Properties of fibrous proteins?Form strong, long rope-like fibres
- 19Properties of globular proteins?Soluble in water and compact
- 20Function of fibrous proteins?Provides structural support
- 21Function of globular proteins?Transport oxygen
- 22What 3 things can denature a protein?Change in...
•Temperature
•pH
•Salt concentration
Informações
- Descrição
- AS level AS Biology (Unit 1 - Biological Molecules) FlashCards sobre 1.3 Proteins, criado por Tania Parvaiz em 01-03-2017.
- Criado por
- Tania Parvaiz
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