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Flashcards

GEOGRAPHY DEVELOPMENT

J Walker Geography Year 10 Inglês 43 flashcards

Flashcards do conjunto (43)

  1. 1DEVELOPMENTIMPROVING PEOPLE'S QUALITY OF LIFE
  2. 2ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTIMPROVEMENTS IN A COUNTRY'S OR PEOPLE'S EMPLOYMENT, INCOME AND LIVING STANDARDS
  3. 3SOCIAL DEVELOPMENTIMPROVEMENTS IN PEOPLE'S LIVES IN HEALTH, EDUCATION AND CULTURE
  4. 4POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTIMPROVEMENTS IN A COUNTRY'S SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT, OR THE INVOLVEMENT OF THE PEOPLE, EG THROUGH GREATER DEMOCRACY
  5. 5BIRTH RATETHE NUMBER OF LIVE BIRTHS PER 1000 POPULATION PER YEAR
  6. 6FAIR TRADEFARMERS AND PRODUCERS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ARE GIVEN A FAIR DEAL BY BUYERS IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES; PRICES PAID ARE ALWAYS HIGHER THAN THEIR COSTS OF PRODUCTION
  7. 7DEATH RATETHE NUMBER OF DEATHS PER 1000 POPULATION PER YEAR
  8. 8GEOPOLITICAL INFLUENCETHE WAY IN WHICH A COUNTRY'S GEOGRAPHY AND ECONOMY AFFECT ITS RELATIONS WITH OTHER COUNTRIES
  9. 9INFANT MORTALITY RATETHE NUMBER OF DEATHSOF INFANTS UNDER ONE YEAR OF AGE PER 1000 LIVE BIRTHS PER YEAR
  10. 10LIFE EXPECTANCYAVERAGE NUMBER OF YEARS THAT A NEW-BORN CHILD IS EXPECTED TO LIVE
  11. 11MATERNAL MORTALITY RATETHE ANNUAL NUMBER OF DEATHS OF WOMEN FROM PREGNANCY-RELATED CAUSES PER 100,000 LIVE BIRTHS
  12. 12TOTAL FERTILITY RATETHE AVERAGE NUMBER OF CHILDREN BORN TO A WOMAN IN A COUNTRY
  13. 13GINI COEFFICIENTA WAY OF MEASURING INEQUALITY IN A COUNTRY: THE HIGHER THE VALUE OF THE GINI COEFFICIENT, THE MORE UNEQUAL A COUNTRY IS
  14. 14GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP)THE TOTAL VALUE OF GOODS AND SERVICES PRODUCED BY A COUNTRY IN A YEAR
  15. 15GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP) PER CAPITATHE TOTAL VALUE OF GOODS AND SERVICES PRODUCED BY A COUNTRY IN A YEAR PER HEAD OF POPULATION
  16. 16GROSS NATIONAL INCOME (GNI) PER CAPITATHE TOTAL INCOME OF THE COUNTRY, INC. ANY MADE OUTSIDEA COUNTRY FROM ITS COMPANIES AND CORPORATIONS DIVIDED BY THE NUMBER OF INHABITANTS, TO GIVE AN AVERAGE INCOME PER PERSON
  17. 17PURCHASING POWER PARITY (PPP)A WAY OF ADJUSTING GROSS NATIONAL INCOME TO ALLOW FOR THE DIFFERENCE IN WHAT 1 US DOLLAR CAN BUY IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES
  18. 18HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX (HDI)A MEASURE OF PEOPLE'S QUALITY OF LIFE USING SOCIAL MEASURES OF DEVELOPMENT, BASED ON LIFE EXPECTANCY, EDUCATION AND STANDARD OF LIVING
  19. 19DEVELOPED COUNTRY eg UNITED KINGDOMA COUNTRY WITH VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
  20. 20EMERGING COUNTRY eg CHINAA COUNTRY WITH HIGH OR MEDIUM LEVELS OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
  21. 21DEVELOPING COUNTRY eg NIGERA COUNTRY WITH LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
  22. 22BOTTOM UP DEVELOPMENTAN APPROACH TO DEVELOPMENT THAT INVOLVES PEOPLE AND COMMUNITIES IN DECISION MAKING, OFTEN INVOLVING SMALL SCALE PROJECTS FOR THE POOREST
  23. 23TOP DOWN DEVELOPMENTAN APPROACH TO DEVELOPMENT WHERE DECISIONS ARE MADE BY GOVERNMENTS OR LARGE COMPANIES, SOETIMES WITH LITTLE CONSULTATION; SUCH PROGRAMMES OFTEN INVOLVE LARGE SCALE, EXPENSIVE PROJECTS
  24. 24TRANS-NATIONAL CORPORATION (TNC)A FIRM THAT OWNS OR CONTROLS PRODUCTIVE OPERATIONS IN MORE THANONE COUNTRY THROUGH FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
  25. 25FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENR (FDI)OVERSEAS INVESTMENT IN PHYSICAL CAPITAL BY TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS
  26. 26NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATION (NGO)A NATIONAL OR INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE ORGANISATION, WHICH IS DISTINCTFROM GOVERMENTAL / INTERGOVRERNMENTAL AGENCIES eg OXFAM, WATERAID, WWF
  27. 27INTERNATIONAL AIDTHE GIVING OF RESOURCES LIKE MONEY, GOODS, FOOD, TECHNOLOGY, FROM RICHER COUNTRIES TO POORER COUNTRIES
  28. 28NATURAL POPULATION DECREASEDEATH RATE IS HIGHER THAT BIRTH RATE
    THE POPULATION IS DECLINING
  29. 29NATURAL POPULATION INCREASEBIRTH RATE IS HIGHER THAN DEATH RATE
    THE POPULATION IF GROWING
  30. 30INDIAINDIA
  31. 31AIR POLLUTION-urban areas produce harmful emissions
    -reduces life expectancy by 3.2 years
    - fifth biggest killer in India as a whole
    - : productivity of labour is affected
    - causes medical problems eg lung disease
    - toxic air causes crop yields to fall
  32. 32WATER POLLUTION- rising levels of sewage = bad sanitation
    - rivers are bathing and washing areas
    - people drink this affected water
    - The Ganges and Yamuna
    - waste chemicals spilt by boats
    - leads to nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea
  33. 33WATER POLLUTION IN RIVER GANGES- religious festival takes place every year
    - ash on 8-110 million bodies
    -levels of pollution in rivers have increased due to mass bathing
  34. 34DEFORESTATION (CAUSES)-commercial logging
    - forests converted for agriculture
    -urban / industrial expansion
    - mining
    - overgrazing
    -forest fires
  35. 35DEFORESTATION (EFFECTS)- flooding
    - loss of biodiversity
    - soil erosion
    - climate change
    - amount of economic development is decreased in that country
  36. 36DEFORESTATION (DEFINITION)PERMANENTLY REMOVING FOREST SO THE LAND CAN BE USED FOR SOMETHING ELSE
  37. 37DESERTIFICATION (FACTS)- 25% India land = desertification
    32% = degradation affecting productivity, livelihood and food security
    - 68% India is prone to drought
  38. 38DESERTIFICATION (AFFECTED AREAS)- Rajasthan
    - Gujarat
    - Maharashtra
    - Jammu
    - Kashmir
  39. 39DESERTIFICATION (EFFECTS)lack of water leads to loss of farming which means no income, in some cases no food, and there is a problem with hydration and sanitation
  40. 40DESERTIFICATION (DEFINITION)WHERE LAND BECOMES INCREASINGLY ARID AND LESS USEFUL FOR FARMING
  41. 41GREENHOUSE GASES (FACTS)- India = worlds 3rd largest CO2 emitter
    - because of heavy reliance on coal
    - 4/5 elec. produced from said coal
    - 400 million have no electricity
  42. 42GREENHOUSE GASES (EFFECTS)- global warming
    - melting of polar ice caps
    - increase in droughts
    - heat waves
    - more hurricanes
    - spread of disease
  43. 43CLIMATE CHANGE- biggest threat to India's economy
    - droughts mean no farming
    - 60% Indian farming relied on monsoons
    - need farming for economy

Informações

Descrição
development dynamics for GCSE exams
Criado por
J Walker
Visualizações
38
Tags
gcse
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