Computer Systems

Computer Systems

1. Hardware

   • Keyboard
     • Input
   • Mouse
     • Input
   • Monitor
     • Output

2. Software

   • Microsoft word
     • Input
   • Internet Explorer
     • Input
   • Google Chrome
     • Input
   • Powerpoint
     • Input

3. Cpu

   • Central processing unit
   • executes programs using the fetch-decode-execute cycle
   • Contains one or more processing units.Each unit is called a core.
     • A core contains a ALU, control unit and registers. It is common to have dual/quad cores.
       • More instructions per sec - the higher the core
       • ALU
         • Arithmetic and logical operations within the CPU
       • Control Unit
         • Decodes instructions and sends out signals to control how data moves around the parts of the CPU and memory to execute these instructions
   • Clock speed
     • Processors have a clock speed measured in hertz (number of cycles per sec)
       • Processors
         • Processes data and instructions
         • Carries out instructions (Executes them)
       • Single 2ghz= 2 billion
         • Dual 36hz= 6 billion
         • Quad 16hz= 4 billion
     • A computer will have a maximum clock speed
   • Buses
     • Part of computer architechture that transfers data and signals between the components of the computer
     • Enable data and control signals to move around the CPU and memory
     • Data Bus
       • Carries data between the CPU and memory
     • Control Bus
       • Carries control signals around the CPU and memory
     • Address Bus
       • Carries addresses from the processor to the main memory or other I/O devices
   • Registers
     • PC
     • MAR

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