Cognitive interview

Cognitive interview

1. AO1

   • Fisher et al. (1987+)
     • Real interviews over 4 months
       • Witnesses often asked a series of brief direct and closed questions
         • Questions often out of sync with what happened (order)
           • Witnesses often interrupted and not allowed to talk freely
             • Fisher felt that these problems broke witnesses' concentration and encouraged short answers with less detail and lack of meaning
   • Gesielman et al. (1985+)
     • 4 principals - any order; can be used more than once; might overlap
       • Reinstatement of Context (CR)
         • Report Everything (RE)
           • Recall from Changed Perspective (CP)
             • Recall in Reverse Order (RO)
       • By completing this, accuracy and depth of recall should be enhanced

2. AO2

   • meta-analysis 53 studies
     • 34% improvement
       • However, real life crimes?
   • Some police forces only use 2 components
     • Too complicated?
   • May be better with something else
     • But there are still individual differences
       • Stein and Memon found Enhanced CI is better for older than younger