Biochemistry

Biochemistry

1. Plasma Proteins

   • Albumin
     • Synthesised by hepatocytes
     • Fluid maintenance
     • 30-50% total plasma proteins
     • Intestinal and Kidney Disease
   • Globulin
     • Produced by liver and immune system
     • Gamma act as antibodies
     • Beta & Alpha transport vitamins
     • Immunity impact
   • Increased TP
     • Dehydration
     • Infection
     • Immune Mediated disease
     • Infection/neoplasia
   • Decreased TP
     • Renal failure
     • Parasitic infection
     • Malabsorption
     • Burns
     • Hypoalbumenia
       • Odeama

2. ALT Alanine aminotransfase

   • Hepatocytes
   • Cardiac muscle
   • Pancreas
   • Damage to specific areas

3. ALP Alkaline phosphate

   • Present in many organs
   • Increase common in young animals

4. Pancreatic Enzymes

   • Lipase
     • Secreted by pancreas into duodenum
     • Increases
       • Acute pancreatites
       • Intestinal Disease
   • Amylase
     • Pancreas and saliva
     • Increases
       • Chronic pancreatitis
       • Intestinal disease

5. Ammonia

   • Excreted by liver as urea
     • Increases
       • Neuro conditions
       • Portosystemic shunt
         • Vein bypasses liver to heart
   • Waste product of protein metabolism

6. BUN blood urea nitrogen