Chapter 6: Long-Term Memory: Structure

Chapter 6: Long-Term Memory: Structure

1. Long-term memory

   • The system that is responsible for sotring information for long periods of time
   • Coding in long-term
     • Coding refers to the form in which stimuli are represented
     • Visual coding
       • Visualize a person or place from the past
     • Auditory coding
       • "play" a song in your head
     • Semantic coding
       • Remember meaning, not exact wording
   • Parts of LTM
     • Explicit/Declaritive
       • Conscious recollection of events experienced and fast learning
       • Episodic
         • Memory of personal events
         • Eventually turns to semantic
       • Semantic
         • Facts and knowledge
     • Implicit
       • Learning from experience is not accompanied by conscious remembering
       • Procedural
         • Memory for doing things that usually involve learned skills
       • Priming
         • The presentation of one stimulus changes the way a person responds to another stimulus
         • Propaganda Effect
           • The more times you hear something the more likely you are to believe it
       • Classical conditioning
         • Learning something and not realizing that you are learning it

2. Serial Position Curve

   • Memory is better for words at the beginning of the list and at the end of the list than for words in the middle
   • Primacy
     • More likely to remember words presented at the beginning of a sequence and are transferred into LTM
   • Recency
     • More likely to remember words presented at the end of a sequence and are still in STM

3. Double dissociation

   • Area of the brain damaged and hurts one function not the other
   • STM and LTM
     • H.M. and Clive Wearing had STM: OK and LTM: Impaired
     • K.F. had STM: Impaired and LTM: OK
   • Semantic and Episodic
     • K.C. had S: OK and E: Poor
     • Italian Woman had S: poor and E: OK