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OCR - A-Level - Biology - Circulatory Transport in Animals
Descrição
A level Biology (AS Module 3) Mapa Mental sobre OCR - A-Level - Biology - Circulatory Transport in Animals, criado por Josh Anderson em 13-03-2017.
Sem etiquetas
biology
as module 3
a level
Mapa Mental por
Josh Anderson
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
Josh Anderson
aproximadamente 7 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso
OCR - A-Level - Biology - Circulatory Transport in Animals
Uses of circulatory systems
Removal of toxic waste products
Providing nutrients and oxygen to cells
Factors affecting need for a circulatory system
Size
Bigger organisms have more layers of cells, so diffusion is too inefficient. Transport needed instead.
Surface area to volume ratio
Lower surface area to volume ratio, more necessary a circulatory system is.
Level of metabolic activity
More active the organism, more necessary a supply of nutrients and oxygen to supply energy
Features of a good transport system
Efficient
Tubes to carry fluid by mass flow
Two circuits - one picks up oxygen, other delivers oxygen
Effective
Fluid to carry:
Nutrients
Oxygen
Waste
A pump to create pressure to push fluid
Exchange surfaces to allow substances to enter/exit e.g. capillaries
Circulatory system
Single
Fish
Heart => gills => body => heart
Blood pressure drops as blood passes through the tiny capillaries of the gills
Blood has a low pressure towards body, so slow flowing
Delivery and removal rate is limited
Double
Mammals
One carries blood to lungs, other carries oxygen and nutrients to tissues
Heart => body => heart => lungs => heart
Blood pressure low in pulmonary circulation
Systemic circulation carries blood at a higher pressure.
Mammals are active so more energy is needed. Rate of delivery/removal is increased.
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