Anatomy

Anatomy

1. JOINTS

   • 11 SYSTEM
     • INTEGUMENTRY SYSTEM
       • Skin, cataneaus region, stratified squamus
         • CORNEUM Superfisical layer, composed of mostly dead flat Kerinocytes
           • LUCIDUM, Though layer, located only on plams of hands and feet
             • GRANULOSUM, are flattened keinocytes but also contain Lammellar granuales which repel water.
               • SPINOSUM, Contain Melanocytes and Macrophages
                 • BASAL (Germinative), deepest layer, Kerinocytes are produced here.
       • HAIR
         • Hair Shaft, most superficial
           • ROOT, penetrates into the dermis
             • HAIR FOLLICLE, Surronds the root
               • BULB, at the base of each hair follicle, papilla is at base of bulb.
         • Gets its color from Melanocytes, hair becomes grey do to progressive decline.
           • 3 types oh hair
             • LANUGO - non pigmented, shed before birth
             • VELLUS - Peach fuzz to Pubic
             • Terminal - Developed at puberty, eyelashes , scalp and eyebrows
       • GLANDS
         • Sebaceous, HOLOCRINE
         • SUORFEROUS Sweat (APPRCRINE)
           • ECCRINE, common
           • APOCRINE, less common, nervous and aroused,
         • Ceruminous, Ear
     • DIGESTIVE
     • URINARY
     • REPRODUCTIVE
     • MUSCULAR:MYOCYTE
       • SKELETAL, STRIATED, MULTI NUCULATED, VOLUNTARY
         • CONTRACTILE PROTEIN ACTIN AND MYOSIN A BANDS
           • MYOSIN ( DARK) THICK FILIMENTS, CONVERTS CHEM ENERGY TO MECHANIC
           • ACTIN: THIN FILIMANENTS
         • BODY, CONNECTED BY TENDONS TO BONE, HAVE ORGIN WHICH IS FIXED AND INSERTION (MOVER)
           • STRIATIONS ARE THE DARK A BANDS (MYOSIN) AND THE LIGHT I BANDS (ACTIN, TROPONIN, TROPOMYSON)
         • THIN FILIMENTS ARE REGULATORY PROTEIN, TROPOMYSON, TROPONIN
       • Cardiac
         • Striated, Involuntary, branched and uninucleate.
           • Contain, Desmones and gap junctions.
       • Smooth
         • No visiable striations, voluntary, fusiform shape, uninucleated, voluntary
       • 4 functions of muscle, Storing & moving substances, Stabalizing, body movement, producing heat (Thermogenesis)
     • SKELETAL
     • ENDOCRINE
     • NERVOUS
     • CARDIO
     • RESPITORY
     • LYMPHATIC
   • FIBROUS JOINTS dense irregular
     • SUTURES, only between bonews of skull
     • SYNDESMOSES, dense irregular, typically arrqanged as a bundle. Gomphosis
     • INTEROSSEOUS, sheet of dense irregular (between tibia and fibia
   • CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS, connective tissue is HYLAINE
     • Synchondroses, epiphysis growthplate
     • SYMPHYSES, Pubic symphyses
   • SYNOVIAL JOINT. Dia