Logical Fallacies

Logical Fallacies

1. Begging the Question

   • argument that goes around and around

2. Post Hoc

   • One event following another does not mean that the first event caused the later event

3. Hasty Generalization

   • drawing a conclusion too quickly

4. Either- Or Argument

   • reducing awareness of two choices, eliminating awareness of any middle path

5. False Authority

   • falsely associating a famous person or thing with an unrelated standpoint

6. False Analogies

   • use metaphors to relate unrelated ideas

7. Red Herring

   • A is discussed, B is introduce (not related to A), A is abandoned [CHANGE IN TOPIC

8. Equivocation

   • shift the meaning of argument with a change in the meaning of the word

9. Opposing a Straw Man

   • pick the opponents weakest points to refute with

10. Tu Quoque

    • protecting one's negative aspects by pointing worse about the opposing party

11. Bandwagon

    • everyone else believes something, so the reader should also

12. Non Sequitur

    • conclusion doesn't logically follow explanation

13. Ad Hominem

    • ignoring the issue and attack the opponents characteristics

14. Ignoring the Question

    • rather than answering the question- writer shifts focus supplying an unrelated argument [CHANGE THE SUBJECT]

15. Slippery Slopes

    • one thing will lead to another negative aspect