Succession

Succession

1. is the gradual change of a community over time

   • Habitat becomes less hostile
     • Stablised soil- Sand dune
   • 1. Colonisation of pioneer species
     • are very small slow growing, wind dispersed and tolerant of extreme conditions,
   • 2. Pioneer Species change the environment
     • E.g increase in organic matter

2. 3. New Species colonise once there is a change

   • 4. Increase in the number of species diversity
     • 5. More Niches
       • 6. Increase in nutrient avaliablity
         • 7. Change from one extreme conditions to less hostile environment

3. Climax Community is the end point of Succession

   • Energy input= Energy output
   • Energy produced from photosynthesis= Energy released in respiration.
   • Community is stable

4. Conservation of Habitats

   • Ethical
     • Other species have occupied the Earth far longer than we have and should be allowed to coexist with us.
   • Grassland
     • maintained by grazing animals
   • Hedgerows and field margin
     • They are maintained by occasional cutting back to prevent succession to climax forest.
   • Moorland
     • maintained by periodic burning
   • Wetlands
     • maintained by dredging to prevent silting succession.

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