Urinary Elimination

Urinary Elimination

1. Kidneys

2. Ureters

3. Bladder

4. Urethra

5. Act of Urination

   • common urinary problems
     • urinary retention
     • urinary tract infections
     • urinary incontinence
     • urinary diversions

6. Nursing knowledge base

   • infection control & hygiene
   • growth & developement
   • psychosocial implications

7. Nursing Process

   • Assessment
     • through the patient's eyes
     • self care ability
     • cultural considerations
     • health literacy
     • nursing history
       • pattern of urination
       • symptoms of urinary alterations
     • physical assessment
       • kidneys
       • bladder
       • external genitalia & urethral meatus
       • perineal skin
     • assessment of urine
       • intake & output
       • color,clarity,odor
     • Nursing Diagnosis
     • planning
       • goals & outcomes
       • setting priorities
       • teamwork & collaboration

8. Implemetation

   • health promtion
     • patient education
     • promoting normal micturition
       • maintaining adequate fluid intake
     • promoting complete bladder emptying
     • preventing infection
   • acute care
     • catherization
       • catheter sizes
       • catheter drainage systems
       • routine catheter care
       • preventing catheter asociated infection
       • catheter irrigations & instillations
       • removal of indwelling catheter
       • alternative to catheterization
         • suprapubic catheterization
         • external catheter
   • continuing & restorative care
     • pelvic floor muscle training
     • lifestyle changes
     • bladder retraining
     • toileting schedules
     • intermittent catherization
       • skin care

9. Evaluation

   • through the patient's eyes
   • patient outcomes
   • collecting midstream urine specimen

10. Inserting & removing indwelling catheter

    • indwelling catheterization kit
    • straight/intermittent kit
    • sterile gloves,sterile tubinglubricant