ICT Revision

ICT Revision

1. Online Services

   • Communication
     • Blogs
     • Email
       • This service is about moving data between users.
     • Instant messaging
   • Commerce
     • Retail sales
       • Businesses buying selling and money services like banking
     • Internet banking
     • Auction websites
   • Government
     • Taxes
     • e-voting
       • Involves public services, such as government bodies, like the DVLA and local council.
     • Applications for services or grants
   • Real-time information
     • Weather
       • This service is used to get up-to-date information
     • Train timetables
     • News services
   • Entertainment
     • Online gaming
       • Involves using the internet for leisure and fun.
     • Radio players
     • Catch-up TV
   • Education
     • BBC Bitesize
     • Online learning
       • Online training and learning.
     • Online training
   • Business
     • Collaborative working
     • Business networks
       • It involves businesses using websites to make their business more efficient or to save money.
     • Video conferencing
   • Virtual learning environment (VLE)
     • Eg. Moodle and Blackboard
       • Its a virtual classroom that allows teachers and learner to communicate.
   • Download services
     • Music/films
       • Files that can legally be downloaded onto the users computer.
     • Software
     • Upgrades

2. Online Advertising

   • Pay-per-click advertising
     • A web page will host an advert for another orginisation.
       • This is know as an affiliate model
     • If a user clicks one of these links it takes them directly to the advertisers website.
     • The host will receive payment for every click on the advert
   • Pop-up Advertisments
     • Can get very annoying
     • Good at catching the users attention
     • People get usually instantly close them when the occur
   • This is designed to capture and hold the attention of a user to promote a product or service
     • There's a range of methods for this

3. File compression

   • Advantages
     • Saves memory on computers
     • Files will upload and download quicker
     • Files will fit better restrictions, such as on an email limit
   • Compression is also known as 'Zipping'
     • .Zip
       • These are all the possible file extensions which are created by different algorithms
     • .Rar
     • .7z
     • .Dmg.
   • How it works
     • The Index in file compression allows any deleted data to be recreated when it is taken out of its 'Zipped' formation
       • These two points allow a file to be broken down to be transferred or to save memory then recreated the exact same when required.
     • The Algorithm, is used to make the file (or group of files) smaller whilst leaving enough data for it to be recreated
   • Key words
     • Index
       • move from one predetermined position to another in order to carry out a sequence of operations.
     • Algorithm
       • a process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer

4. Online software and backups

   • Reasons for back-ups
     • If you obtain a virus
     • If files are corrupt
       • Backups are used to restore an older version of a file that you already have, this can be done to remove anything unhealthy from a file.
     • If files are deleated accidentally
   • Online software
     • Updated automatically
       • Online software is accessed through a web browser and is available where ever there is an internet connection
     • backed up automatically
     • Can be used on different devices
     • Can be used on different operating systems

5. Collaborative working online

   • Advantages
     • Users can work on the same document instead of having different versions of the same file
     • Users don't need to travel, this saves them money
   • Version control
     • locking the file and making it read only while others are viewing or editing it
     • The software allocating version numbers and dates of editing
   • Different people can have a different levels of access
     • This is usually set by passwords
       • Teachers have more access than students
   • Permissions
     • Read only
       • Users can look at it but make no changes
     • Read/write
       • Users can look at it and make changes
     • Full control
       • User can do anything to the file even delete it

6. Voice over internet protocol

   • Advantages
     • Reduces travel cost and time
       • VoIP is a method of real-time communication over the internet. The audio and video data is transmitted as the two computers are connected through unique IP adresses
     • Users internet-only so there isn't any additional cost
     • Able to contact someone anywhere in the world where there is internet
   • Disadvantages
     • Relies on internet connection
     • There are threats such as hackers
     • Voice quality can be affected

7. Online communication

   • Publishing information
     • Blog
       • A web log- an online journal or diary
     • Microblogging
       • A website or app where short messages are exchanged
         • Twitter
     • Wiki
       • A website where anyone can edit or add to the information
     • Podcast
       • Audio or video files (usually published in an episode)
     • Chat room
       • A place web users can communicate
     • Chat
       • Ann exchange of messages (often typed)
   • Sharing information
     • Social networks can draw people with similar interests together
     • An online community is a virtual community which only exists online
       • This is also know as a network of friends
   • Online communities
     • Often exists in virtual world
       • This is an unreal world that only exists online
     • Some communities need users to be involved at the same time, such as some online games where you can interact with each other
   • Netiquette
     • This is a set of rules which users have to agree to online
       • Don't use capitals (it can mean shouting)
       • Appreciate privacy
       • Not making unkind comments
   • Profile
     • Includes name and details
     • Privacy can be changed how the user likes
     • You are shown by your avatar
       • This avatar represents your profile
   • Instant messaging
     • This is a way to exchange messages instantly between two (or more) users
     • Online software is used to obtain a connection between the two (or more) locations
     • This is a place where people can send files, messages, images and use emoticons to represent their feelings
   • Advantages
     • Able to communicate in real time
     • Cheap to use
     • Able to video share, game, etc.
   • Disadvantages
     • Viruses could spread
     • Needs internet access
     • May lead to misunderstadings