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Chapter 2

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Learning an Memory Psych
melikewela
Quiz por melikewela, atualizado more than 1 year ago
melikewela
Criado por melikewela aproximadamente 10 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
The study of the brain and rest of the nervous system
Responda
  • experimental psychology
  • learning
  • psychology
  • neuroscience

Questão 2

Questão
organ system devoted to the distribution and processing of information
Responda
  • central nervous system
  • nervous system
  • peripheral nervous system
  • brain

Questão 3

Questão
collects incoming info from sensory organs of the system and from the rest of the body and process that info and coordinates the body's response
Responda
  • synapse
  • dendrites
  • receptors
  • neurons

Questão 4

Questão
what are the two parts of the nervous system
Responda
  • presynaptic
  • postsynaptic
  • central nervous system
  • peripheral nervous system

Questão 5

Questão
This is made up of the brain and spinal cord
Responda
  • central nervous system
  • peripheral nervous system

Questão 6

Questão
learning and memory takes place here
Responda
  • central nervous system
  • peripheral nervous system

Questão 7

Questão
This consists of nerve fibers that carry info from sensory receptors into the central nervous system and back out to muscle organs
Responda
  • axon
  • neurons
  • peripheral nervous system
  • neurotransmitters

Questão 8

Questão
Name region 1
Image:
brain (image/png)
Responda
  • frontal lobe
  • occipital lobe
  • parietal lobe
  • temporal lobe

Questão 9

Questão
name region 2
Image:
brain (image/png)
Responda
  • frontal lobe
  • occipital lobe
  • parietal lobe
  • temporal lobe

Questão 10

Questão
name region 3
Image:
brain (image/png)
Responda
  • frontal lobe
  • occipital lobe
  • parietal lobe
  • temporal lobe

Questão 11

Questão
name region 4
Image:
brain (image/png)
Responda
  • cerebellum
  • occipital lobe
  • brainstem
  • temporal lobe

Questão 12

Questão
name region 5
Responda
  • cerebellum
  • occipital lobe
  • brainstem
  • temporal lobe

Questão 13

Questão
name region 6
Image:
brain (image/png)
Responda
  • parietal lobe
  • temporal lobe
  • cerebellum
  • occipital lobe

Questão 14

Questão
front of the head
Responda
  • frontal lobe
  • parietal lobe

Questão 15

Questão
peak/ top of the head
Responda
  • frontal lobe
  • parietal lobe

Questão 16

Questão
side of the head
Responda
  • occipital lobe
  • temporal lobe

Questão 17

Questão
back of the head
Responda
  • occipital lobe
  • temporal lobe

Questão 18

Questão
back of the head
Responda
  • occipital lobe
  • temporal lobe

Questão 19

Questão
brain region that plans and performs actions
Responda
  • frontal lobe
  • occipital lobe
  • parietal lobe
  • temporal lobe

Questão 20

Questão
sees and recognizes the world
Responda
  • frontal lobe
  • occipital lobe
  • parietal lobe
  • temporal lobe

Questão 21

Questão
feels difference intextures
Responda
  • frontal lobe
  • occipital lobe
  • parietal lobe
  • temporal lobe

Questão 22

Questão
hears and remembers
Responda
  • frontal lobe
  • occipital lobe
  • parietal lobe
  • temporal lobe

Questão 23

Questão
contributes to coordination of movement and learning that involve PHYSICAL action
Responda
  • frontal lobe
  • cerebellum
  • brainstem
  • parietal lobe

Questão 24

Questão
collection of structures connecting brain to spinal cord. regulates AUTOMATIC FUNCTIONS e.g. breathing and body temperature
Responda
  • frontal lobe
  • cerebellum
  • brainstem
  • parietal lobe

Questão 25

Questão
3 main components of a neuron
Responda
  • glia
  • dendrite
  • stellate cell
  • cell body/soma
  • axon

Questão 26

Questão
the input areas that receives signals from other neurons
Responda
  • glia
  • dendrites
  • cell body/soma
  • axon

Questão 27

Questão
integrates signals from dendrites
Responda
  • receptors
  • cell body/ soma
  • axon
  • glia

Questão 28

Questão
transmits info to other neurons
Responda
  • synapse
  • neurotransmitter
  • receptors
  • axon

Questão 29

Questão
cells that provide functional and structural support to neurons.
Responda
  • glia
  • dendrites
  • cell body/ soma
  • axon

Questão 30

Questão
Glia out number the amount of neurons, just as important for brain and CNS function
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 31

Questão
carefully measuring the size/ shape of many skulls and comparing those measurements with a person's personality/ ability
Responda
  • structural neuroimaging
  • neurophysiology
  • phrenology

Questão 32

Questão
Bumps on the skull implies bulges in the brain (phrenology)
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 33

Questão
modern way of capturing pictures of anatomical structures within the brain. BRAIN IMAGING/ SCANNING. Shows size and shape and brain lesions
Responda
  • structural neuroimaging
  • magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
  • Computer tomography (CT SCAN)
  • Functional neuroimaging

Questão 34

Questão
Brain lesions areas of damage in the brain caused by injury or lesions
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 35

Questão
Today, the use of CT for structural brain imaging has largely been supplanted/ replaced by MRI
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 36

Questão
a method of STRUCTURAL NEUROIMAGING, that produces scan that are created from multiple x-ray images. Image looks like slices (3D). Shows abnormality better for tumor or bones but still flaw for brain.
Responda
  • Computer tomography (CT scan)
  • Magnetic resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)
  • Functional MRI (fMRI)

Questão 37

Questão
critical for analyzing/ interpreting changes in the brains function that occur with learning
Responda
  • Structural neuroimaging
  • Functional neuroimaging

Questão 38

Questão
Provides a way to track changes in physical properties over time
Responda
  • structural neuroimaging
  • Functional neuroimaging

Questão 39

Questão
Changes in the magnetic field generate images of internal structure (employs a giant magnet), Giant tube
Responda
  • computer tomography (CT Scan)
  • magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
  • Functional MRI (fMRI)
  • Electroencephalography (EEG)

Questão 40

Questão
A new type of MRI that measures the diffusion of WATER in brain tissue, permitting bundles of axon throughot the brain (white matter) to be imaged
Responda
  • Functional MRI (fMRI)
  • single-cell recording
  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI)
  • Computer tomography (CT scan)

Questão 41

Questão
Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is better than MRI at visualization of fiber tracts
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 42

Questão
shows what brain is physically like
Responda
  • structural neuroimaging
  • functional neuroimaging

Questão 43

Questão
shows what brain is ACTUALLY DOING
Responda
  • structural neuroimaging
  • functional neuroimaging

Questão 44

Questão
Both structural and functional neuroimaging reveal changes associated with learning
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 45

Questão
Involuntary/ automatic hardwired response to an organism.Present in all species and does NOT need to be learned e.g. salivation, palmar grasp, sucking
Responda
  • habituation
  • mere exposure learning
  • reflex
  • engram

Questão 46

Questão
Communicating neurons are separated by a narrow gap (about 20 nm) called ____________, across which the neurons pass chemical messages
Responda
  • synapse
  • axon
  • presynaptic
  • postsynaptic

Questão 47

Questão
Most synapse are formed between the axon of the _______ (sending) neuron and a dendrite of the ______ (receiving) neuron
Responda
  • postsynaptic, presynaptic
  • dendrite, receptor
  • presynaptic, postsynaptic
  • receptor, dendrite

Questão 48

Questão
Neurons contain molecules called _____________, these are chemical substances that can cross a synapse to carry a msg to a postsynaptic neuron
Responda
  • receptors
  • neurotransmitters
  • synapse
  • glia

Questão 49

Questão
located at the end of a PREsynaptic axon, in pockets known as vesicles
Responda
  • receptors
  • neurons
  • neurotransmitter
  • synapse

Questão 50

Questão
A neurotransmitter that acts to modulate activity in a large number of neurons rather than a single synapse. located in the brainstem
Responda
  • neuron
  • glutamate
  • neuromodulators
  • vesicles

Questão 51

Questão
Branch of psychology that deals with the relation between BRAIN FUNCTION and BEHAVIOR, usually by examining the functioning of patients with specific types of brain damage
Responda
  • neuroscience
  • experimental psychology
  • neurophysiology
  • neuropsychology

Questão 52

Questão
what is the supposed physical change in the brain that forms the basis of memory (Lashley)
Responda
  • Theory of equipotential
  • Engram
  • phrenology
  • long-term potentiation

Questão 53

Questão
this suggests that memories are not stored in one area of the rain, brain operates as a whole to store memories
Responda
  • Theory of equipotential
  • engram
  • phrenology
  • long term potentiation

Questão 54

Questão
Phrenology is correct about different brain areas have different specializations
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 55

Questão
Lashley is correct about engram are not localized to one area of the brain
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 56

Questão
allows you to look at brain ACTIVITY ( what its doing) , by tracking local changes in BLOOD FLOW and examine how that flow changes depending on what that person is doing/thinking . Get baseline--> then scan brain when person is doing a task
Responda
  • positron emission tomography (PET scan)
  • Diffusion Tensor Imagining (DTI)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imagine (MRI)
  • Functional Neuroimaging

Questão 57

Questão
In Functional neuroimaging, when the brain is active it requires more oxygen...how many second does it take for blood flow (and its cargo of oxygen) to increase in that region
Responda
  • 2-4 seconds
  • 4-6 seconds
  • 6-8 seconds

Questão 58

Questão
this shows how the activity at EACH POINT IN THE IMAGE has increased/ decreased in task condition compared with baseline image. red/ white/ yellow = increase blue/ green= decrease uncolored= no change
Responda
  • diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)
  • difference imaging
  • functional neuroimaging
  • Functional MRI

Questão 59

Questão
___________ measures brain activity by detecting RADIATION from EMISSIONS of subatomic particles called _______, associated with brains use of ________ from the blood
Responda
  • long term potentiation, event-related potentials, oxygen
  • Positron emission tomography (PET), positrons, glucose
  • Positron emission tomography (PET), glucose, positrons
  • Positron emission tomography (PET), positrons, neuromodulators

Questão 60

Questão
This uses MRI at baseline. Compares a MRI an MRI of the brain during performance of a task WITH a MRI of the brain at rest
Responda
  • Functional MRI (fMRI)
  • Functional Neuroimaging
  • Structural neuroimaging
  • Computed tomography (CT SCAN)

Questão 61

Questão
Functional neuroimaging uses DIRECT measure
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 62

Questão
Functional neuroimaging only uses INDIRECT measures (measure glucose, bloodoxygen) not the actual activity of the neurons
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 63

Questão
Functional neuroimagining is fast
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 64

Questão
functional neuroimaging emphasize association between brain region and function
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 65

Questão
A technique for measuring electrical activity in brain, uses recording electrodes. It records changes in changes in electrical activity.
Responda
  • EEG
  • PET
  • ERP
  • CT Scan

Questão 66

Questão
A technique for measuring electrical activity in brain, uses recording electrodes. It records changes in changes in electrical activity.
Responda
  • EEG
  • PET
  • ERP
  • CT Scan

Questão 67

Questão
EEG is cheaper than fMRI and PET Scan because there is no big scanner or dyes
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 68

Questão
EEG can detect rapid changes in the brain with more precision (in temporal BUT lacks in SPATIAL)
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 69

Questão
Electrodes are placed on the scalp to measure combined tiny electrical charges of large number of neurons in the brain
Responda
  • Electroencephalography (EEG)
  • Event related potentials (ERP)
  • Single-cell recording

Questão 70

Questão
EEG from a single individual averaged over multiple repetitions of an event (such as repeated stimulus presentation)
Responda
  • Single-cell recording
  • Event-related potential (ERP)
  • difference image

Questão 71

Questão
the study of ACTIVITY and FUNCTION of neurons
Responda
  • Neurophysiology
  • neuropsychology
  • neuroscience
  • experimental psychology

Questão 72

Questão
The main technique scientist use to measure FIRING PATTERNS in individual NEURONS
Responda
  • EEG
  • fMRI
  • Single cell recording
  • Event-related potentials

Questão 73

Questão
In this technique electrodes shaped as THIN NEEDLES are used that penetrate brain tissue with minimum damage
Responda
  • Single-cell recording
  • EEG
  • ERP
  • fMRI

Questão 74

Questão
chemical substances that alter the biochemical functioning of the body
Responda
  • neuromodulators
  • glucose
  • drugs
  • positron

Questão 75

Questão
drugs that work on the brain generally alter the SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 76

Questão
how many processors can drugs affect
Responda
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4

Questão 77

Questão
Drugs can increase/decrease ability of the PREsynaptic neuron to produce/release NEUROTRANSMITTERS e.g amphetamines increase dopamine
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 78

Questão
Drugs can increase/ decrease POSTsynaptic RECEPTORS to RECEIVEvchemical messages e.g. heroin/ morphine similar to neurotransmitter endogenous opiods that casue intense feeling of pleasure
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 79

Questão
Drugs can alter the mechanisms for CLEARING neurotransmitter molecules out of the SYNAPSE e.g. SSRI reduce rate the serontonin is cleared fro synapse
Responda
  • True
  • False

Questão 80

Questão
The ability of the synapse to change as a result of EXPERIENCE
Responda
  • Theory of equipotentialality
  • synaptic plasticity
  • Long-term potentiation (LTP)
  • Long-term Depression (LTD)

Questão 81

Questão
This effect, in which SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION becomes MORE effective as a result of recent activity
Responda
  • Theory of equipotentiality
  • synaptic plasticity
  • long-term potentiation (LTP)
  • long-term depression (LTD)

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