W6: Vision

1. 1Below this question are depicted several kinds of receptive fields. In these diagrams white areas correspond to regions where exposure to light results in excitation; dark areas correspond to regions where exposure to light results in inhibition. Which kinds of receptive fields would respond best to a circular beam of light with a ring of darkness around it?

   

   1. Ai
   2. Bii
   3. Ciii
   4. Div
2. 2The cornea is an adjustable structure in the eye that focuses light

   1. AVerdadeiro
   2. BFalso
3. 3Light from the right side of the world stokes the left side of the retina

   1. AVerdadeiro
   2. BFalso
4. 4Cones are essential for colour vision

   1. AVerdadeiro
   2. BFalso
5. 5Photopigments are stable in the dark

   1. AVerdadeiro
   2. BFalso
6. 6The retinex theory accounts for the principle of colour constancy

   1. AVerdadeiro
   2. BFalso
7. 7Some people with damage to area V1 show a surprising phenomenon called blindsight

   1. AVerdadeiro
   2. BFalso
8. 8A person with prosopagnosia cannot recognise voices

   1. AVerdadeiro
   2. BFalso
9. 9Damage to area V4 would likely cause problems with colour constancy

   1. AVerdadeiro
   2. BFalso
10. 10Movement of the eyes suppresses activity in the visual cortex for a brief moment

    1. AVerdadeiro
    2. BFalso

11. 11Infants are born with the ability to control their visual attention

    1. AVerdadeiro
    2. BFalso
12. 12In humans as in other species, the visual cortex is more plastic early in life

    1. AVerdadeiro
    2. BFalso
13. 13The law of specific nerve energies states that:

    1. AAny stimulation above the threshold produces an action potential
    2. BEvery stimulation of the optic nerve is perceived as light
    3. CPerception of a repeated stimulus fades
    4. DThe speed of action potentials varies depending on the strength of the stimulus
14. 14In what order does visual information pass through the retina?

    1. ABipolar cells, receptor cells, ganglion cells
    2. BGanglion cells, bipolar cells, receptor cells
    3. CReceptor cells, ganglion cells, bipolar cells
    4. DReceptor cells, bipolar cells, ganglion cells
15. 15The optic nerve is composed of axons from which kind of cell?

    1. AGanglion cells
    2. BBipolar cells
    3. CRods and cones
    4. DHorizontal cells
16. 16Which of the following characterises the fovea?

    1. AIt has more rods than cones
    2. BIt surrounds the point of exit of the optic nerve
    3. CIt has the greatest perception of detail
    4. DIt falls in the shadow cast by the pupil
17. 17Which receptors are responsible for the perception of colour?

    1. AHorizontal and amacrine cells
    2. BRods
    3. CCones
    4. DBoth rods and cones
18. 18Which theory emphasises the idea that colour vision depends on the relative responses of three kinds of cones?

    1. AVolley theory
    2. BOpponent-process theory
    3. CYoung-Helmholtz theory
    4. DRetinal theory
19. 19Colour constancy is the ability to:

    1. ARecognise the colour of an object despite changes in lighting
    2. BSee colour, even in very faint light
    3. CPerceive all wavelengths as the same colour
    4. DDifferentiate among many colours and hues
20. 20The enhancement of contrast at the edge of an object is the result of:

    1. AThe colour of the object
    2. BThe diffraction of light from the edge's surface
    3. CLateral inhibition in the retina
    4. DFatigue of the rods and cones
21. 21In the vertebrate retina, which cells are responsible for lateral inhibition?

    1. AGlial cells
    2. BGanglion cells
    3. CHorizontal cells
    4. DBipolar cells
22. 22Which ganglion cells, if any, are located mostly in or near the fovea?

    1. AThey are all distributed equally
    2. BMagnocellular
    3. CParvocellular
    4. DKoniocellular
23. 23Visual information from the lateral geniculate area goes to the:

    1. AHypothalamus
    2. BPrimary visual cortex
    3. CRetina
    4. DThalamus
24. 24Once within the cerebral cortex, the magnocellular pathway continues as a pathway sensitive to:

    1. AMovement
    2. BDepth
    3. CDetails of shape
    4. DVisual memories
25. 25Damage to the dorsal stream may interfere with:

    1. AReaching out to grasp an object
    2. BPerceiving the movement of an object
    3. CDescribing what is seen
    4. DRemembering something seen at a previous time
26. 26Which of the following would most strongly excite a simple cell in the primary visual cortex?

    1. ASquare picture frame
    2. BDoughnut
    3. CLoud sound
    4. DDiffuse light throughout the visual field
27. 27What is one way to determine whether a given cell in the primary visual cortex is "simple" or "complex"?

    1. AWhether it is sensitive to the orientation of the stimulus
    2. BWhether its receptive field is monocular or binocular
    3. CThe shape of its receptive field
    4. DWhether it can respond equally to lines in more than one location
28. 28An inability to recognise objects despite otherwise satisfactory vision is called:

    1. AHemianopsia
    2. BBlindsight
    3. CVisual agnosia
    4. DProsopagnosia
29. 29Colour perception depends mostly on:

    1. ALateral geniculate
    2. BParvocellular pathway
    3. CMagnocellular pathway
    4. DSuperior colliculus
30. 30The ability that you have to determine that your eyes are moving instead of the room that you are in is a function of which brain area?

    1. AArea MST
    2. BPrimary visual cortex
    3. CMT
    4. DInferior temporal cortex
31. 31Most of the neurons in the visual cortex of very young kittens respond to:

    1. ABoth eyes, and continues that way
    2. BOne eye, and continue that way
    3. COne eye, but later develop binocular control
    4. DBoth eyes, but later fine tune to only one
32. 32Children with strabismus fail to develop:

    1. AAny kind of depth perception
    2. BThe ability to recognise faces
    3. CPerception of movement
    4. DStereoscopic depth perception
33. 33Light from the left half of what world strikes what part of the retina?

    1. AThe left half
    2. BThe right half
    3. CThe whole retina equally
    4. DIt depends on the wavelength
34. 34In what order does visual information pass through the retina?

    1. AReceptor cells, ganglion cells, bipolar cells
    2. BGanglion cells, bipolar cells, receptor cells
    3. CReceptor cells, bipolar cells, ganglion cells
    4. DBipolar cells, receptor cells, ganglion cells
35. 35The optic nerve is composed of axons from which kind of cell?

    1. ARods and cones
    2. BBipolar cells
    3. CHorizontal cells
    4. DGanglion cells
36. 36According to the trichromatic theory of colour vision

    1. AThere are only three rods and three cones in each eye
    2. BThere are only three colours of light in the world
    3. CRods are important for perception of light colours
    4. DOur perception of colour depends on the relative activity of three types of cones
37. 37The enhancement of contrast at the edge of an object is the result of:

    1. ALateral inhibition in the retina
    2. BThe diffraction of light from the edge's surface
    3. CFatigue of the rods and cones
    4. DThe colour of the object
38. 38The pathway associated with integrating vision and movement progresses from the occipital cortex to the

    1. ATemporal cortex
    2. BParietal cortex
    3. CVisual cortex
    4. DFrontal lobe
39. 39An individual suffers damage to the parietal cortex, but maintains an intact temporal cortex. This may result in an inability to:

    1. ADescribe the size of objects
    2. BDescribe the shape of objects
    3. CDescribe the colour of objects
    4. DReach out and grasp and object
40. 40What is one way to determine whether a given cell in the primary visual cortex is "simple" or "complex"?

    1. ACompare the shape of its receptive field
    2. BDetermine whether its receptive field is monocular or binocular
    3. CDetermine whether it can respond equally to lines in more than one location
    4. DDetermine whether it is sensitive to the orientation of the stimulus
41. 41A man has suffered brain damage that has left him unable to recognise the faces of his wife and children, although he can identify them by their voices. What is his condition?

    1. AAphasia
    2. BProsopagnosia
    3. CNeglect
    4. DMotion blindness
42. 42Which of the following is the correct order of visual information passing though the retina?
    

    1. Aa. Photoreceptors, bipolar cells, ganglion cells
    2. Bb. Bipolar cells, photoreceptors, ganglion cells
    3. Cc. Ganglion cells, photoreceptors, bipolar cells
    4. Dd. Bipolar cells, ganglion cells, photoreceptors
       
43. 43What is the pathway from the eye through the brain to the thalamus?

    1. Aa. Optic nerve, optic chiasm, lateral geniculate nucleus, ganglion cells
    2. Bb. Ganglion cells, optic chiasm, optic nerve, lateral geniculate nucleus
    3. Cc. Ganglion cells, optic nerve, lateral geniculate nucleus, optic chiasm
    4. Dd. Ganglion cells, optic nerve, optic chiasm, lateral geniculate nucleus
       
44. 44The lateral geniculate nucleus is found in the:

    1. Aa. Thalamus
    2. Bb. Hypothalamus
    3. Cc. Hippocampus
    4. Dd. Caudate nucleus
       
45. 45To where in the brain do most axons of the LGN cells project?
    

    1. Aa. Area V1
    2. Bb. Primary visual cortex
    3. Cc. Striate cortex
    4. Dd. All of the above
       
46. 46What type of ganglion cell has small receptive fields in or near the fovea, responds to colour and has a high sensitivity to detail?
    

    1. Aa. Magnocellular neurons
    2. Bb. Parvocellular neurons
    3. Cc. Koniocellular neurons
    4. Dd. Lateral neurons
       
47. 47What type of ganglion cell has larger cell bodies and receptive fields, are distributed evenly throughout the retina and responds strongly to movement?
    

    1. Aa. Magnocellular neurons
    2. Bb. Parvocellular neurons
    3. Cc. Koniocellular neurons
    4. Dd. Lateral neurons
       
48. 48What is the theory that we perceive colour in terms of opposites as an attempt to explain negative colour after image and other phenomena?
    

    1. Aa. Retinex theory
    2. Bb. Young-Helmholtz theory
    3. Cc. Opponent-process theory
    4. Dd. Trichromatic theory
       
49. 49What is the theory that explains colour constancy, the ability to recognise colours, despite changes in lighting?
    

    1. Aa. Retinex theory
    2. Bb. Young-Helmholtz theory
    3. Cc. Opponent-process theory
    4. Dd. Trichromatic theory
       
50. 50A man with a stroke who couldn’t read, recognise faces, identify objects by sight, could reach out to grab objects and to shake hands. Where is he likely to have received damage?
    

    1. Aa. Damaged parietal cortex, sparing his temporal cortex
    2. Bb. Damaged temporal cortex, sparing his parietal cortex
    3. Cc. Damaged temporal and parietal cortex
    4. Dd. Damaged occipital and frontal cortex
       
       
51. 51The ventral stream is known as the ______ pathway and is specialised for __________
    

    1. Aa. “What”; locating objects
    2. Bb. “Where”; locating objects
    3. Cc. “Where”; identifying objects
    4. Dd. “What”; identifying objects
       
52. 52Some people who can read and recognise objects in detail, can have trouble locating objects and running into things. They are likely to have:
    

    1. Aa. Damage to the dorsal stream in the parietal cortex
    2. Bb. Damage to the ventral stream in the temporal cortex
    3. Cc. Damage to the dorsal stream in the temporal cortex
    4. Dd. Damage to the ventral stream in the parietal cortex
       
53. 53Some people with damage to the primary visual cortex (V1) have:
    

    1. Aa. Prosopagnosia
    2. Bb. Blindsight
    3. Cc. Colour blindness
    4. Dd. A lazy eye
       

Descrição

Psychology Quiz sobre W6: Vision, criado por Nuria Nácher Soler em 27-12-2019.

Autor

Nuria Nácher Soler

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English

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