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Microbiology Exam 2
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Perguntas do quiz (67)
1ALL eaukaryotes contain
- Amitochondria
- Bhydrogenosomes
- Ca membrane-enclosed nucleus
- Dall of the above
2The endoplasmic reticulum is
- Acontinuous with the Golgi apparatus
- Blocated around the nuclear membrane but is not in actual contact with it.
- Ca network of membranes continuous with the nuclear membrane.
- Dall of the above.
3The Golgi apparatus functions to
- Amodify and secrete proteins to the external environment
- Bsort proteins used within the cell
- Csynthesize protiens
- Dboth modify and sort proteins into those destined for secretion and those that function in membrane structures
4The foraminifera
- Aare a major component of the White Cliffs of Dover
- Bhave shells known as tests
- Cinhabit coastal marine environments
- Dare all of the above
5Which statement BEST describes the habitats of the fungi?
- AMost terrestrial fungi are animal parasites
- BMost fungi are aquatic, primarily marine aquatic
- CMost fungi are terrestrial and inhabit soil or dead plant matter
- DMost fungi are aquatic, primarily freshwater aquatic
6Diatoms are
- Amore closely related to slime molds than to algae
- Ba type of fungus
- Cmorphologically symmetric
- Dall of the above
7Which algae are MOST closely related to plants?
- Aeuglenoids
- Bred algae
- Cbrown algae
- Dgreen algae
8Where within a eukaryotic cell is ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesized?
- Alysosome
- Bcytoplasm
- Cmitochondrion
- Dnucleolus
9What phenomenon accounts for the appearance of chloroplasts in some unicellular phototrophic eukaryotes?
- Aendosymbiosis
- Bsequencing of chloroplasts' SSU genes
- Csecondary endosymbiosis
- Dnone of the above
10The membrane-enclosed compartments that contain digestive enzymes in eukaryotic cells are called
- Amitosomes
- Blysosomes
- Cstromas
- Dcristae
11Which microbial group is responsible for massive amphibian die-offs worldwide?
- Achytrids
- Bzygomycetes
- Cciliates
- Dcercozoans
12Which of the following is NOT a member of the Eukarya?
- Aprotists
- Bred algae
- Cfungi
- Dviruses
13The amoebozoa use what structure for movement and feeding?
- Acilia
- Bthreadlike pseudopodia
- Clobe-shaped pseudopodia
- Dflagella
14Agents that kill bacteria are said to be
- Abacteriostatic
- Bbacteriocidal
- Cinhibitory
- Dall of the above
15The complete elimination of all microorganisms include viruses is called
- Adisinfection
- Bdecontamination
- Csterilization
- Dany of the above
16The process by which macromolecules lose their structure and ability to function is called
- Athermal death
- Bdenaturation
- Csterilization
- Dnone of the above
17UV radiation is antimicrobial, because
- Aradiation generates magnetic poles that denature the cellular components
- Bradiation generates significant amounts of heat within the given cell
- Cenergy present causes modifications or breaks in the DNA molecules
- Dall of the above are true
18Ergosterol inhibitors specifically target
- Aviruses
- Bfungi
- Cbacteria
- Deukaryotes
19A ________ filter is most often used to filter sterilize liquids.
- Amicrobistat
- Bnucleation track
- Cdepth
- Dmembrane
20The action of some bacteriolytic chemical agents can be observed by noting a(n)
- Adecrease in turbidity of the medium
- Bchange in the color of the medium
- Cincrease in the turbidity of the medium
- Dchange in the surface tension of the medium
21In the agar diffusion method of studying antimicrobial action, the _______ is measured.
- Aturbidity of the medium
- Bdiameter of the zone of inhibition
- Cdistance between the microbial colonies
- Ddiameter of the individual microbial colonies
22Polyoxins interfere with
- Achitin biosynthesis
- Bfungal mitosis
- Ccell membrane synthesis
- Dall of the above
23Of all known antibiotics that have been identified in nature, _________ are clinically useful.
- A8-10%
- B<1%
- C25-30%
- D18-20%
24Semisynthetic antibiotics
- Aare natural antibiotics that have been purified by artificial means
- Bhave an artificially constructed core that stimulates the production of "natural products"
- Care natural antibiotics that have been chemically modified in the laboratory
- Dare found in nature, but their rate of production is enhanced in the laboratory
25Important targets of antibiotics in Bacteria are
- ADNA replication and transcription elements
- Bthe cytoplasmic membrane
- Cthe cell wall
- Dall of the above
26At present, the penicillins and the cephalosporins account for ___________ of all the antibiotics produced and used worldwide.
- Aless than 10%
- Bwell over 70%
- Cover 50%
- Dabout 25%
27The B-lactam antibiotics
- Ainhibit cell wall synthesis
- Binhibit protein synthesis
- Cinhibit plasma membrane synthesis
- Dprevent chromosomal replication
28The absorption of _________ by chlorophylls begins the process of _________.
- AATP / autotrophy
- Blight energy / photosynthetic energy conservation
- Clight quanta / autotrophy
- DATP / photosynthetic energy conversion
29In photosynthesis NADH and NADPH are produced from NAD+ and NADP+ by
- Aoxidation reactions
- Breduction reactions
- Cboth oxidation and reduction reactions
- Dneither oxidation nor reduction reactions
30During oxygenic photosynthesis,
- Aoxygen is produced
- Boxygen functions as a catalyst
- Coxygen is consumed
- Dnone of the above
31Which statement is TRUE?
- AThe cytochromes contain iron atoms; chlorophyll contains a magnesium atom at the center of the porphyrin ring
- BThe cytochromes contain magnesium atoms; chlorophyll contains an iron atom at the center of the porphyrin ring
- CBoth the cytochromes and chlorophyll contain an iron atom but not magnesium atom
- DBoth the cytochromes and chlorophyll contain magnesium atom but not iron atom
32Carotenoids
- Aare involved in the capture of light energy
- Bfunction primarily as photoprotective agents
- Care hydrophobic pigments that are present in photosynthetic membranes
- Ddo all of the above
33The process by which electrons from the quinone pool are forced against the thermodynamic gradient to reduce NAD+ to NADH is called reverse
- Aelectron flow (reverse electron transport)
- Breduction
- Cproton motive force
- Denergy flow
34The Calvin cycle
- Arequires both ribulose biphosphate carboxylase and phosphoribulokinase
- Bis responsible for the fixation of CO2 into cell material
- Cutilizes both NAD(P)H and ATP
- Ddoes all of the above
35The Calvin cycle
- Arequires both ribulose biphosphate carboxylase and phosphoribulokinase
- Bis responsible for the fixation of CO2 into cell material
- Cutilizes both NAD(P)H and ATP
- Ddoes all of the above
36The Calvin cycle
- Arequires both ribulose biphosphate carboxylase and phosphoribulokinase
- Bis responsible for the fixation of CO2 into cell material
- Cutilizes both NAD(P)H and ATP
- Ddoes all of the above
37The rapid and simplistic method of assaying for nitrogenase activity uses
- Aone of several techniques, all of which require oxygen to be absent in the assay
- Bgrowth tests that add different nitrogen sources into media
- Cthe acetylene reduction assay that exploits the nonspecificity of nitrogenase
- Dmass spectrometry to observe 15N assimilation
38In most caes, the final product of sulfur oxidation is
- Aelemental sulfur
- Bsulfate
- Chydrogen sulfide
- Dthiosulfate
39Ferrous iron oxidation generally occurs in environments with
- Aalkaline condition
- Blittle or no light present
- Chigh oxygen content
- Dhigh H+ concentrations
40The reduction of N2(g) for use as a source of nitrogen for biosynthetic needs is called nitrogen
- Aassimilation
- Breduction
- Coxidation
- Dfixation
41The only organisms that perform photosynthesis are ones that produce some form of
- Acarotenoids
- Bphycocyanin
- Cchlorophyll or bacteriochlorophyll
- Dphycoerythrin
42What compound do most chemolithotrophs use as a source of carbon?
- Acarbon dioxide
- Borganic sources other than glucose
- Cinorganic compounds
- Dglucuse
43Most protists are motile.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
44The biochemical reactions in the hydrogenosome are focuses on pyruvate oxidation.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
45Because H2 levels in oxic environments are transient, it is likely that aerobic hydrogen bacteria shift between chemoorganotrophy and chemolithotrophy depending on levels of organic compounds and hydrogen in their habitats.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
46The earliest diverging lineage of fungi are the
- Achytridiomycetes
- Bascomycetes
- Cglomeromycetes
- Dzygomycetes
47Peroxisomes
- Aoriginate in the cell by incorporating proteins and lipids from cytoplasm
- Bdivide in synchrony with the cell
- Cbecome membrane enclosed
- Ddo all of the above
48Which statement is TRUE? Fungal cell walls
- Aresemble plant cell walls chemically but not structurally
- Bresemble plant cell walls structurally but not chemically
- Cresemble plant cell walls both chemically and structurally
- Ddo not resemble plant cell walls either chemically or structurally
49Neuraminidase inhibitors such as oseltamivir and zanamivir are used to treat which type of infection?
- Afungal
- Bbacterial
- Cinfluenza virus
- Dparasitic
50Antimicrobial drugs are often grouped according to
- Amolecular structure
- Bmechanism of action
- Cspectrum of antimicrobial activity
- Dall of the above
51The vegetative cells of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are resistant to many germicides because of
- Athe waxy nature of the cell wall
- Ban extra membranous layer between the cell wall and the plasma membrane
- Cthe complex nature of the plasma membrane itself
- Dthe lattice work found in the glycocalyx
52The thermal death time is the
- Adose of radiation necessary for a tenfold reduction in the numbers of selected microorganisms or biological factors
- Btime it takes to kill all cells at a given temperature
- Ctime required for a tenfold reduction in the population density at a given temperature
- Dmeasure of the radiation energy output from a source
53Cold sterilization is performed using
- Acompounds such as ethylene oxide
- Bhigh-pressure chambers
- Cexceptionally low temperatures
- Ddry ice
54The time required for a tenfold reduction of the variability of a microbial population at a given temperature is called the ______ time.
- Atemperature-dependent logarithmic death
- Bdecimal reduction
- Cmean sterilization
- Dthermal death
55Whether an organism is classified as a photoheterotroph or a photoautotroph depends on its
- Aoxygen requirements
- Bcarbon source
- Cenergy source
- Dall of the above
56Photosynthesis is most correctly defined as the
- Aabsorption of light energy to produce carbohydrates
- Bconversion of light energy to chemical energy
- Cconversion of carbohydrates into energy-yielding organic products
- Dproduction of carbohydrates by a plant or plantlike organism
57Oxygenic phototrophs use light to generate
- ANADPH
- BATP
- Corganic carbon
- Dboth ATP and NADPH
58Due to the sensitivity of dinitrogenase reductase, nitrogen fixation is inhibited by
- Aoxygen
- Bcarbon dioxide
- Chydrogen
- Dammonia
59Difinitive proof of N2 fixation is obtained using
- Aan isotope of nitrogen, 15N, as a tracer
- Bspectrophotometry to measure the opacity of possible nitrogen-containing substances
- Celectrophoresis to analyze the shifts in nitrogen content
- Dgas chromatography to assay for nitrogen uptake
60Plastocyanin is a
- Amembrane-bound sac found in certain bacteria
- Bblue-green bacterium known for its unusual photoreactive complex
- Ccopper-containing protein in photosystem II that donates electrons to photosystem I
- Dphotosynthetic pigment found in some bacteria
61The path of electron flow in oxygenic phototrophs is referred to as the ______ scheme.
- AQ
- BS
- CZ
- DE
62Decalcification of the tooth enamel due to production of high concentrations of organic acids in the mouth is known as
- Adegenerative plaque
- Bdental caries
- Cmicrobial enamel decalcification
- Ddental plaque
63Pathogenicity is
- Athe ability of the hose to inflict damage on the pathogen
- Bthe ability of the pathogen to inflict damage on the host
- Cthe ability of the host to resist damage by the pathogen
- Dall of the above
64Mucous membranes are frequently coated with a protective liquid called
- Amucus
- Bepithelial fluid
- Cmembrane fluid
- Dnone of the above
65Two organisms that both benefit from each other are in symbiotic relationship called
- Aparasitism
- Bammensalism
- Cmutualism
- Dcommensalism
66A microbiome contains all
- Aviable cells in a particular location
- Borganisms present in and on the body
- Cliving organisms present on the skin
- Dorganisms within the digestive system
67Compared with decontamination, disinfection is
- Aless aggressive
- Bequally aggressive
- Cmore aggressive
- Deither more or less aggressive depending on the situation in question
Informações
- Descrição
- BY320 Exam 2 multiple choice questions
- Autor
- Erma
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- English
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