Flashcards
Ecology Test
Flashcards do conjunto (34)
- 1Why is energy described as a "one-way" flow, & matter is not?It loses usefulness, while matter does not, & can be recycled
- 2What are producers? (List examples.)Make their own food
(algae, plants, bacteria) - 3What are phototrophs?Make food by sunlight
- 4What are chemotrophs?Make food by chemicals like sulfur and methane
- 5What are consumers?Obtain food by consuming other organisms
- 6What are herbivores? (list examples)Organisms that ear plants
(deer, caterpillars) - 7What are omnivores? (list examples)Organisms that eat plants & animals
(bears, raccoons) - 8What are carnivores? (list examples)Organisms that eat meat
(cats, owls) - 9What are scavengers? (list examples)Organisms that eat carcasses of other animals in larger chunks
(vultures, crows) - 10What are detrivores? (list examples)Organisms that eat broken down bits of plants & animals
(crabs, flies) - 11What are decomposers? (list examples)Organisms that break down bits of animals chemically
(fungi & bacteria) - 12What is a food chain & a food web?simple & complex energy transfers
- 13Only _____ percent of energy is transferred due to rest being lost by organism as waste.10
- 14List the levels of the ecological pyramid from bottom to top.Producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer
- 15What is evaporation?Liquid water -> water vapor (loses energy)
- 16What is transpiration?Liquid water -> water vapor from plants (gains energy)
- 17What is condensation?Water vapor -> liquid water in clouds (loses energy)
- 18What is precipitation?Liquid/solide water falls to surface
- 19What is surface runoff/snowmelt?Water travels along ground, reaches ocean
- 20What is infiltration?Water soaks below soil
- 21What is plant uptake?Plant roots absorb groundwater
- 22What are wells?Man-made structures that bring groundwater to the surface
- 23What are springs?Like wells, but naturally occuring
- 24What is photosynthesis?Plants take in CO2/sunlight -> sugar/water
- 25Oceans can suck up CO2 as _____.carbonic acid
- 26What is combustion?Burning of organisms/fossil fules, releases CO2.
- 27CO2 causes the _____, which _____ up the atmosphere.greenhouse effect; warms
- 28Briefly describe the carbon cycle.animals/plants die -> carbon becomes part of soil -> ( if underground for a long time -> fossil fuels) -> respiration: nearly all organisms use carbon sugars for cellular energy, then excrete CO2
- 29Describe nitrogen fixationbacteria turn N2 into plant usable sources -> same effect as lightning
- 30Describe the nitrogen cycle.denitrifying bacteria -> soil nitrogen -> gas (N2)
- 31Nitrogen makes up _____ percent of the atmosphere78
- 32What is an alteration to the water cycle?Redirecting rivers for crops;
wells/taking more water than what can be replenished - 33What is an alteration of the CO2 cycle?ocean uptake as carbonic acid;
human combustion and plant respiration;
cutting down trees - 34What is an alteration of the nitrogen cycle?fertilizer runoff which causes algal blooms
Informações
- Descrição
- Freshman / Biology / Unit 1 / September 2018
- Criado por
- E.M. Flood
- Visualizações
- 12
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