Flashcards
Flash Cards
Flashcards do conjunto (54)
- 1Annexationthe formal act of acquiring something (especially territory) by conquest or occupation
- 2AntarticaIt is the largest land mass in the world not part of a sovereign state. Territorial claims are suspended on Antarctica.
- 3Apartheida social policy or racial segregation involving political and economic and legal discrimination against non-whites
- 4BalkanizationProcess by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities
- 5Buffer Statea small neutral state between two rival powers
- 6CapitalPrinciple city in a state or country. The best place to locate a capital is at the center of a country, so it is a somewhat equal distance from all parts of the country.
- 7Centrifugaltending to move away from a center
- 8Centripetaltending to move toward a center
- 9City-statea city with political and economic control over the surrounding countryside
- 10Confederationthe act of forming an alliance or confederation
- 11Conference of Berlin (1884)Regulated trade and colonization in Africa. It formalized the scramble to gain colonies in Africa and set up boundaries for each country's colonies.
- 12Decolonizationthe action of changing from colonial to independent status
- 13Devolutionthe process of declining from a higher to a lower level of effective power or vitality or essential quality
- 14Domino theorythe political theory that if one nation comes under Communist control then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control
- 15Exclusive Economic ZoneExclusive Economic Zone enerally a state's EEZ extends to a distance of 200 nautical miles (370 km) out from its coast. The exception to this rule occurs when EEZs would overlap; that is, state coastal baselines are less than 400 nautical miles apart. When an overlap occurs, it is up to the states to delineate the actual boundary.[1] Generally, any point within an overlapping area defaults to the most proximate state
- 16Electoral regionsThe study of the interactions among space, place and region and the conduct and results of elections.
- 17Enclavean enclosed territory that is culturally distinct from the foreign territory that surrounds it
- 18Ethnic conflicttype of conflict that occurs when different tribes are lumped together to form a country
- 19European Unionan international organization of European countries formed after World War II to reduce trade barriers and increase cooperation among its members
- 20Exclavea part of a country that is separated from the rest of the country and surrounded by foreign territory.
- 21FederalAn internal organization of a state that allocated most powers to units of local government.
- 22Forward capitalcapital city positioned in actually or potentially contested territory usually near an international border, it confirms the states determination to maintain its presence in the region in contention.
- 23Frontieran undeveloped field of study
- 24Geopoliticsthe study of the effects of economic geography on the powers of the state
- 25Gerrymanderto divide (a geographic area) into voting districts so as to give unfair advantage to one party in elections
- 26Global commonsthose parts of our environment available to everyone but for which no single individual has responsibility--the atmosphere, fresh water, forests, wildlife, and ocean fisheries
- 27Immigrant statesStates with alot of immigrants
- 28Irredentismthe doctrine that irredenta should be controlled by the country to which they are ethnically or historically related
- 29Landlockedsurrounded entirely or almost entirely by land
- 30Iron Curtaina political barrier that isolated the peoples of Eatern Europe after WWII, restricting their ability to travel outside the region
- 31Law of the SeaLaw establishing states rights and responsibilities concerning the ownership and use of the earth's seas and oceans and their resources.
- 32Lebanonan Asian republic at east end of Mediterranean
- 33Halford J. MackinderBritish political geographer noted for his work as an educator and for his geopolitical conception of the globe as divided into two camps, the ascendant Eurasian "heartland" and the subordinate "maritime lands," including the other continents.
- 34Manifest destinyThis expression was popular in the 1840s. Many people believed that the U.S. was destined to secure territory from "sea to sea," from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. This rationale drove the acquisition of territory.
- 35Median-line principleThe system of drawing a political boundary midway between two states' coastlines when the territorial seas or EEZ are narrower than twice the standard or adopted limit.
- 36Microstatea state or territory that is small in both population and area
- 37Ministateindependent country that is very small in area and population
- 38Nationa politically organized body of people under a single government
- 39Nation-stateAn independent country dominated by a relatively homogeneous culture group
- 40Nunavutone of Canada's territories and home to many of Canada's Inuit; it was carved out of the eastern half of the Northwest Territories in1999
- 41Reapportionmentthe process of reallocating seats in the House of Representatives every 10 years on the basis of the results of the census.
- 42Religious conflictthis is the conflicts between religions. One of these is Israel-Palestine. This consists of Roman Takeovers, Muslim conquests, and the crusades. This affects human geography because there has been a lot of bloodshed over Religious Conflict.
- 43Satellite stateCountry controlled by a more powerful nation
- 44Shatterbelta region caught between stronger colliding external cultural-political forces, under persistent stress, and often fragmented by aggressive rivals
- 45Sovereigntythe supreme and absolute authority within territorial boundaries
- 46Statea politically organized body of people under a single government
- 47Suffragea legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US constitution
- 48Supranationalisma venture involving 3 or more national states political economic or cultural cooperation to promote shared objectives
- 49Territorial disputesA disagreement over the possession/control of land between two or more states, or over the possession or control of land
- 50Theocracygovernment run by religious leaders
- 51Treaty portsCities opened to foreign residents as a result of the forced treaties between the Qing Empire and foreign signatories. In the treaty ports, foreigners enjoyed extraterritoriality
- 52UNCLOSA code of maritime law approved by the United Nations in 1982 that authorizes, among other provisions, territorial waters extending 12 nautical miles (22km) from shore and 200-nautical-mile-wide (370-km-wide) exclusive economic zones
- 53Unitarycharacterized by or constituting a form of government in which power is held by one central authority
- 54Women's enfranchisementthis was significant because this gave the women the right to vote. In the US, women were give the right to vote in 1920