Flashcards
AQA Chemistry Unit one Metals and their uses
Flashcards do conjunto (26)
- 1What are ores?Ores are rocks that contain enough metal to make extraction economically viable. The economics of extraction may change over time
- 2What do you do with Ores?Ores are mined and may be concentrated before the metal is extracted and purified
- 3What form do you find metal in in the crust?Unreactive metals like Gold can be found as pure metals. Most metals, however, are found in compounds that require chemical reactions to extract the metals
- 4How do you extract unreactive metals?Metals less reactive than carbon can be extracted from their oxides by reduction with carbon
- 5What do you do with iron oxide?Iron oxide is reduced in a blast furnace to make iron
- 6What do you do with metals more reactive than carbon?They are extracted by electrolysis of molten compounds. The large amount of energy required for this makes these metals expensive (e.g. aluminium)
- 7How is copper extracted?Copper is extracted from copper-rich ores by heating the ores in a furnace (smelting). It's then purified by electrolysis
- 8What are the issues with this method of extraction?-Requires a lot of energy
-Copper-rich ore supply is limited
-Traditional mining and extraction have major environmental impact - 9What are alternative methods? (just list them)-Phytomining
-Bioleaching
-Displacement with scrap iron
-Electrolysis of copper salts - 10What happens in the process of phytomining?-plants are grown over low-grade copper ores
-Their roots absorb the metal
-Plants are burned leaving behind ash with metal compounds in it - 11What happens in the process of bioleaching?-Bacteria feed on low-grade copper ore
-They produce a leachate solution that contains copper compounds - 12What are the other methods?-Displace copper using scrap metal
-Electrolysis of solutions of copper salts - 13What metals (2 specifically you need to know) can you not extract by reduction with carbon?Aluminium and titanium cannot be extracted from their oxides by reduction with carbon.
- 14Why is extraction of aluminium and titanium expensive?-There are many stages
-Large amounts of energy are required - 15Why should we recycle metals?-Extracting them uses limited resources (aka, we will run out)
-Extraction is expensive as it requires a lot of energy
-Extraction damages the environment - 16How much of Iron from the blast furnace is iron?96% of iron from the blast furnace is iron. These impurities make it very brittle and so it has limited uses
- 17What happens to iron from the blast furnace?-Some of it is used as cast iron due to its strength in compression
-Most of it is converted into Steels - 18What is steel?Steel are alloys as they are mixtures of iron and carbon. Some steels contain other metals. These alloys can be designed to have specific properties
- 19What kinds of steel are there? What are their properties?-Stainless steel is resistant to corrosion
-Low-carbon steel is easily shaped
-High-carbon steel is hard - 20Why do we use alloys?Most metals used everyday are alloys because pure copper, gold, iron and aluminium are too soft for many uses. They are mixed with similar metals to make them harder for everyday use
- 21Where are transition metals (on the periodic table)?The central block of the periodic table
- 22What are the properties of transition metals?-Good conductors of heat and electricity
-Can be bent or hammered into place (malleable) - 23What are transition metals used for?-Structural materials
-Things that need to allow heat or electricity to pass through them easily - 24What are the properties of copper?-Good conductor of electricity and heat
-Can be bent, but hard enough for pipes or tanks
-Doesn't react with water - 25What do copper's properties mean that it is used for?-Electrical wiring
-Plumbing - 26Why are aluminium and titanium useful?-resistant to corrosion
-low density
Informações
- Descrição
- All of C1.3 (metals and their uses). Taken directly from the spec so it should be all that you need =) Good luck
- Criado por
- Natalia Cliff
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