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Biochem - minerals

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biochem Quiz on Biochem - minerals, created by Alannah McDonnell on 17/03/2018.
Alannah McDonnell
Quiz by Alannah McDonnell, updated more than 1 year ago
Alannah McDonnell
Created by Alannah McDonnell about 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
What are minerals?
Answer
  • Inorganic elements
  • Organic elements
  • Proteins
  • Substrates found most often in processed foods

Question 2

Question
How are major minerals defined?
Answer
  • Inorganic materials
  • Organic materials
  • >100mg per day needed
  • <100mg per day needed

Question 3

Question
How are trace minerals defined
Answer
  • Less than 100mg per day needed
  • More than 100mg per day needed
  • Inorganic materials
  • Organic materials

Question 4

Question
What do many minerals serve as?
Answer
  • Cofactors essential for enzyme activity
  • Enzymes essential for cofactors activity
  • Nutrients
  • Protein carriers

Question 5

Question
Which of these are not trace elements
Answer
  • Iron
  • Copper
  • Zinc
  • Sodium
  • Potassium

Question 6

Question
Which of these are not trace elements?
Answer
  • Fluoride
  • Manganese
  • Molybdenum
  • Chloride
  • Calcium
  • Phosphorus

Question 7

Question
Which of these are not trace elements?
Answer
  • Selenium
  • Iodine
  • Chromium
  • Magnesium
  • Sulphur

Question 8

Question
Which of these are electrolytes?
Answer
  • Sodium
  • Potassium
  • Chloride
  • Fluoride
  • Magnesium

Question 9

Question
What are electrolytes essential for?
Answer
  • Nerve conduction
  • Muscle contraction
  • Muscle relaxation
  • Lipid transport
  • Nerve suppressant

Question 10

Question
What does balancing electrolytes do?
Answer
  • Helps balance body fluids
  • Makes body fluids irregular
  • Limits lipid movement
  • Limits loss of water

Question 11

Question
What is the modern diet?
Answer
  • High in Na low in K
  • High in K low in Na
  • Equal amounts of K and Na
  • Varying amounts of K and Na

Question 12

Question
Diets high in what may lower the risk of hyper tension?
Answer
  • Potassium
  • Calcium
  • Magnesium
  • Sodium
  • Fluoride

Question 13

Question
How is calcium absorbed in the digestive tract?
Answer
  • Active transport
  • Passive transport

Question 14

Question
What is the bioavailability of calcium decreased by?
Answer
  • Tannins
  • Fiber
  • Phytates
  • Oxalates

Question 15

Question
What does calcium have a vital role in?
Answer
  • Nerve transmission
  • Muscle contraction
  • Muscle relaxation
  • Blood pressure regulation
  • Release of hormones

Question 16

Question
What hormones are important in regulation of blood calcium?
Answer
  • Calcitonin
  • Parathyroid hormone
  • Angiotensin
  • Renin
  • Magnesium

Question 17

Question
What is a poor source of magnesium?
Answer
  • Processed foods
  • Leafy green vegetables
  • Nuts
  • Seeds
  • Bananas
  • Wholegrains

Question 18

Question
What may provide a significant amount of magnesium?
Answer
  • Hard water
  • Soft water
  • Processed foods

Question 19

Question
Which of these is not likely to have a phosphorus deficiency?
Answer
  • Premature infants
  • Vegans
  • Alcoholics
  • Chronic diarrhea patients
  • Healthy people

Question 20

Question
What can a phosphorus deficiency lead to?
Answer
  • Bone loss
  • Weakness
  • Loss of appetite
  • Hunger
  • Excessive bone growth

Question 21

Question
What is the UL of phosphorus?
Answer
  • 4g/day
  • 12g/day
  • 20g/day

Question 22

Question
What can excessive intake of phosphorus lead to?
Answer
  • Bone resorption
  • Breakdown of bone
  • Loss of apetite
  • Diarrhea

Question 23

Question
In the digestive tract How much of the magnesium in the diet is absorbed?
Answer
  • About 50%
  • About 10%
  • About 90%
  • About 100%

Question 24

Question
When does absorption efficiency of magnesium decrease? (In the digestive tract)
Answer
  • As intake increases
  • As intake decreases
  • Randomly
  • During fasting state

Question 25

Question
What enhances absorption of magnesium to a small extent?
Answer
  • Active form of vitamin D
  • Inactive form of vitamin D
  • Vitamin C
  • The active form of vitamin K

Question 26

Question
What decreases absorption of magnesium?
Answer
  • Phytate
  • Phylase
  • Vitamin D
  • Magnesium

Question 27

Question
What reduces absorption of magnesium?
Answer
  • High dietary calcium
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin E
  • Phosphorus

Question 28

Question
Where is most of the magnesium in the body?
Answer
  • 50-60% in the bone
  • 50-60% in the intestine
  • 50-60% in the blood
  • 50-60% in the brain

Question 29

Question
What is the 2nd most abundant positively charged intracellular ion?
Answer
  • Magnesium
  • Calcium
  • Phosphorus
  • Potassium

Question 30

Question
Which of these is not a function of magnesium?
Answer
  • Associated with negatively charged particles
  • Regulation of calcium homeostasis
  • Needed for action of vitamin D, PTH and other hormones
  • A cofactor for over 300 enzymes
  • Breakdown of fat

Question 31

Question
What regulates the blood levels of magnesium?
Answer
  • Kidneys
  • Liver
  • Brain
  • Stomach

Question 32

Question
When can a deficiency of magnesium occur?
Answer
  • Alcoholism
  • Malnutrition
  • With certain diseases and medications
  • Impaired kidney function

Question 33

Question
When may magnesium toxicity occur?
Answer
  • In people with impaired kidney function
  • Alcoholism
  • Malnutrition

Question 34

Question
Where is sulfur found in the diet?
Answer
  • In organic molecules
  • In some inorganic food preservatives
  • In bananas
  • In bread

Question 35

Question
What is zinc?
Answer
  • An enzyme
  • A protein
  • A carbohydrate

Question 36

Question
What issues occur with excess zinc?
Answer
  • Lowered immune function
  • Reduced concentration of HDL cholesterol
  • Polyuria
  • Polydipsia
  • Impaired iron absorption
  • Impaired copper absorption
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