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EMT 16
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Questions in this quiz (38)
1A 30-year-old woman with a history of alcoholism presents with severe upper abdominal pain and is vomiting large amounts of bright red blood. Her skin is cool, pale, and clammy; her heart rate is 120 beats/min and weak; and her blood pressure is 70/50 mm Hg. Your MOST immediate action should be to:
- Aprotect her airway from aspiration.
- Bkeep her supine and elevate her legs.
- Crapidly transport her to the hospital.
- Dgive her high-flow supplemental oxygen.
2A 35-year-old mildly obese woman is complaining of localized pain in the right upper quadrant with referred pain to the right shoulder. The MOST likely cause of her pain is:
- Aacute cystitis.
- Bacute cholecystitis.
- Cappendicitis.
- Dpancreatitis.
3A 47-year-old male presents with severe abdominal pain of 3 hours' duration. His abdomen is distended and guarded. Your MOST important consideration for this patient should be to:
- Atransport him in a supine position.
- Bbe alert for signs and symptoms of shock.
- Cassess his blood pressure to determine perfusion adequacy.
- Ddetermine the exact location and cause of his pain.
4A 59-year-old male presents with a sudden onset of severe lower back pain. He is conscious and alert, but very restless and diaphoretic. Your assessment reveals a pulsating mass to the left of his umbilicus. You should:
- Avigorously palpate the abdomen to establish pain severity.
- Badminister oxygen and prepare for immediate transport.
- Cplace the patient in a sitting position and transport at once.
- Drequest a paramedic unit to give the patient pain medication.
5A strangulated hernia is one that:
- Aspontaneously reduces without any surgical intervention.
- Bcan be pushed back into the body cavity to which it belongs.
- Cis reducible if surgical intervention occurs within 2 hours.
- Dloses its blood supply due to compression by local tissues.
6A young female presents with costovertebral angle tenderness. She is conscious and alert with stable vital signs. Which of the following organs is MOST likely causing her pain?
- Aliver
- Bkidney
- Cpancreas
- Dgallbladder
7An important aspect in the treatment of a patient with severe abdominal pain is to:
- Aprovide emotional support en route to the hospital.
- Badminister analgesic medications to alleviate pain.
- Cencourage the patient to remain in a supine position.
- Dgive 100% oxygen only if signs of shock are present.
8Chronic renal failure is a condition that:
- Acan be reversed with prompt treatment.
- Boccurs from conditions such as dehydration.
- Cis often caused by hypertension or diabetes.
- Dcauses dehydration from excessive urination.
9Elderly patients with abdominal problems may not exhibit the same pain response as younger patients because of:
- Achronic dementia, which inhibits communication.
- Binteractions of the numerous medications they take.
- Cprogressive deterioration of abdominal organ function.
- Dage-related deterioration of their sensory systems.
10Erosion of the protective layer of the stomach or duodenum secondary to overactivity of digestive juices results in:
- Aileus.
- Ban ulcer.
- Cappendicitis.
- Dcholecystitis.
11Esophageal varices MOST commonly occur in patients who:
- Adrink a lot of alcohol.
- Bhave severe diabetes.
- Chave a history of esophagitis.
- Dhave weak immune systems.
12Functions of the liver include:
- Astorage of bile, which is produced in the gallbladder.
- Bproduction of substances necessary for blood clotting.
- Cproduction of hormones that regulate blood sugar levels.
- Drelease of amylase, which breaks down starches into sugar.
13In contrast to the parietal peritoneum, the visceral peritoneum:
- Ais supplied by the same nerves from the spinal cord that supply the skin of the abdomen.
- Blines the walls of the abdominal cavity and is stimulated when the solid abdominal organs contract.
- Cis less likely to become inflamed or infected because it lines the abdominal organs themselves.
- Dis supplied by nerves of the autonomic nervous system, which are less able to localize pain or sensation.
14In the presence of ileus, the only way the stomach can empty itself is by:
- Adiarrhea.
- Bvomiting.
- Cmuscular contraction.
- Dspontaneous rupture.
15Injury to a hollow abdominal organ would MOST likely result in:
- Apain secondary to blood in the peritoneum.
- Bprofound shock due to severe internal bleeding.
- Cimpairment in the blood's clotting abilities.
- Dleakage of contents into the abdominal cavity.
16Most patients with abdominal pain prefer to:
- Alie on their side with their knees drawn into the abdomen.
- Bsit in a semi-Fowler position with their knees slightly bent.
- Clie in a supine position with their knees in a flexed position.
- Dsit fully upright because it helps relax the abdominal muscles.
17Pain that is localized to the lower back and/or lower abdominal quadrants is MOST suggestive of:
- Aacute pancreatitis.
- Ban aortic aneurysm.
- Ca kidney infection.
- Dacute appendicitis.
18Pain that may be perceived at a distant point on the surface of the body, such as the back or shoulder, is called:
- Areferred pain.
- Bradiating pain.
- Cvisceral pain.
- Dremote pain.
19Pain that radiates to the right lower quadrant from the umbilical area, nausea and vomiting, and anorexia are MOST indicative of:
- Apancreatitis.
- Bappendicitis.
- Ccholecystitis.
- Dgastroenteritis.
20Patients with acute abdominal pain should not be given anything to eat or drink because:
- Ait will create referred pain and obscure the diagnosis.
- Bfood will rapidly travel through the digestive system.
- Csubstances in the stomach increase the risk of aspiration.
- Ddigestion prevents accurate auscultation of bowel sounds.
21Peritonitis may result in shock because:
- Aintra-abdominal hemorrhage is typically present.
- Bfluid shifts from the bloodstream into body tissues.
- Cabdominal distention impairs cardiac contractions.
- Dsevere pain causes systemic dilation of the vasculature.
22Solid abdominal organs include the:
- Astomach and small intestine.
- Bspleen, kidneys, and pancreas.
- Cgallbladder and large intestine.
- Durinary bladder, colon, and ureters.
23The kidneys help to regulate blood pressure by:
- Aretaining key electrolytes, such as potassium.
- Beliminating toxic waste products from the body.
- Cremoving sodium, and thus water, from the body.
- Daccommodating a large amount of blood volume.
24The MOST common and significant complication associated with an acute abdomen is:
- Aperitonitis
- Bhigh fever.
- Csevere pain.
- Dinternal bleeding.
25The MOST important treatment for a patient with severe abdominal pain and signs of shock includes:
- Aadministering high-flow oxygen.
- Bgiving oral fluids to maintain perfusion.
- Ctransporting the patient without delay.
- Dpositioning the patient on his or her side.
26The parietal peritoneum lines the:
- Aretroperitoneal space.
- Blungs and chest cavity.
- Cwalls of the abdominal cavity.
- Dsurface of the abdominal organs.
27When assessing a patient with abdominal pain, you should:
- Apalpate the abdomen in a clockwise direction beginning with the quadrant after the one the patient indicates is painful.
- Bask the patient to point to the area of pain or tenderness and assess for rebound tenderness over that specific area.
- Cvisually assess the painful area of the abdomen, but avoid palpation because this could worsen his or her condition.
- Dobserve for abdominal guarding, which is characterized by sudden relaxation of the abdominal muscles when palpated.
28Which of the following conditions is more common in women than in men?
- Acystitis
- Bhepatitis
- Cpancreatitis
- Dcholecystitis
29Which of the following is characteristic of peptic ulcer disease (PUD)?
- Athe passage of bright red blood in the stool or coughing up blood
- Bsymptom relief after taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- Csharp pain that is typically located in both lower abdominal quadrants
- Dburning or pain in the stomach that subsides immediately after eating
30Which of the following organs assists in the filtration of blood, serves as a blood reservoir, and produces antibodies?
- Aliver
- Bkidney
- Cspleen
- Dpancreas
31Which of the following organs lies in the retroperitoneal space?
- Aliver
- Bspleen
- Ckidneys
- Dheart
32Which of the following organs would MOST likely bleed profusely if injured?
- Aliver
- Bstomach
- Cappendix
- Dgallbladder
33Which of the following statements regarding dialysis is correct?
- AAcute hypertension is a common adverse effect of dialysis.
- BHemodialysis is effective but carries a high risk of peritonitis.
- CPatients who miss a dialysis treatment often present with weakness.
- DThe purpose of dialysis is to help the kidneys retain salt and water.
34Which of the following statements regarding gastrointestinal bleeding is correct?
- AIn the majority of cases, bleeding within the gastrointestinal tract occurs acutely and is severe.
- BBleeding within the gastrointestinal tract is a symptom of another disease, not a disease itself.
- CLower gastrointestinal bleeding results from conditions such as Mallory-Weiss syndrome.
- DChronic bleeding within the gastrointestinal tract is usually more severe than bleeding that occurs acutely.
35Which of the following statements regarding the acute abdomen is correct?
- AThe most common cause of an acute abdomen is inflammation of the gallbladder and liver.
- BThe parietal peritoneum is typically the first abdominal layer that becomes inflamed or irritated.
- CThe initial pain associated with an acute abdomen tends to be vague and poorly localized.
- DAn acute abdomen almost always occurs as the result of blunt trauma to solid abdominal organs.
36You are dispatched to an apartment complex for a young male with abdominal pain. Your priority upon arriving at the scene should be to:
- Aquickly gain access to the patient.
- Bnotify the dispatcher of your arrival.
- Cassess the scene for potential hazards.
- Dplace a paramedic ambulance on standby.
37You are transporting a 49-year-old male with “tearing” abdominal pain. You are approximately 30 miles away from the closest hospital. During your reassessment, you determine that the patient's condition has deteriorated significantly. You should:
- Aassist his ventilations with a bag-mask device.
- Bimmediately perform a rapid physical examination.
- Ccontinue transporting and alert the receiving hospital.
- Dconsider requesting a rendezvous with an ALS unit.
38You respond to the residence of a 70-year-old male who complains of weakness and severe shortness of breath. His wife tells you that he is a dialysis patient, but has missed his last two treatments. After applying high-flow oxygen, you auscultate his lungs and hear diffuse rhonchi. The patient is conscious, but appears confused. His blood pressure is 98/54 mm Hg, his pulse rate is 120 beats/min and irregular, and his respirations are 24 breaths/min and labored. You should:
- Aleave him in a sitting position, keep him warm, and prepare for immediate transport.
- Bplace him in a supine position, elevate his lower extremities, and transport at once.
- Ctreat for shock and request a paramedic unit to respond to the scene and assist you.
- Dperform a detailed secondary assessment and then transport him to a dialysis center.
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- EMT-B EMT Quiz on EMT 16, created by Seth Weaver on 09/06/2018.
- Author
- Seth Weaver
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- English
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- Created on 9 Jun 2018 · updated on 19 Jun 2018
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