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Breast Pathology II

Description

Breast apthology II lecture given on the morning of tuesday 8th January
Matthew Coulson
Quiz by Matthew Coulson, updated more than 1 year ago
Matthew Coulson
Created by Matthew Coulson over 5 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Breast Carcinoma is considered to be which type of carcinoma?
Answer
  • Adenocarcinoma
  • Basal cell carcinoma
  • Squamous cell carcinoma
  • Transitional cell carcinoma

Question 2

Question
Breast Adenocarcinoma commonly occurs in the epithelial cells of which breast structure?
Answer
  • Terminal Duct Lobular Units
  • Lactiferous Ducts
  • Areola
  • Lactiferous Sinus
  • Breast Vascular Tissues

Question 3

Question
A carcinoma which hasn't yet breached basement membrane is known as an [blank_start]in situ[blank_end] carcinoma A carcinoma which has breached the basement membrane is known as an [blank_start]invasive[blank_end] carcinoma
Answer
  • in situ
  • invasive

Question 4

Question
Lobular neoplasias: [blank_start]Lobular Carcinoma in situ[blank_end] = >50% of lobule involved [blank_start]Atypical Lobular Hyperplasia[blank_end] = <50% of lobule involved [blank_start]Invasive Carcinoma[blank_end] = Typically >50% of lobule involved & breach of basement membrane
Answer
  • Invasive Carcinoma
  • Atypical Lobular Hyperplasia
  • Lobular Carcinoma in situ
  • Atypical Lobular Hypertrophy

Question 5

Question
Lobular neoplasms typically grow in response to which hormone? [blank_start]Oestrogen[blank_end]
Answer
  • Oestrogen

Question 6

Question
The red dots show tumours in a breast. Which shows a multifocal cancer and which shows a multicentric cancer?
Image:
Picture89 (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • multifocal
  • multicentric

Question 7

Question
Description of a Lobular In Situ Neoplasia: Frequently [blank_start]multifocal[blank_end] and [blank_start]bilateral[blank_end] Incidence [blank_start]decreases[blank_end] following menopause [blank_start]Is not[blank_end] typically palpable Usually [blank_start]incidental[blank_end] finding
Answer
  • multifocal
  • multicentric
  • unifocal
  • bilateral
  • unilateral
  • decreases
  • increases
  • Is not
  • Is
  • incidental
  • non-incidental

Question 8

Question
How are lobular neoplasms typically managed?
Answer
  • Excision following diagnosis
  • Reassurance and watchful waiting

Question 9

Question
A woman has a routine mammography scan conducted as part of the breast screening program. Three small lesions are noticed in the upper outer quadrant of her right breast. If you were to suggest a biopsy of these lesions, which 2 of the following might you consider?
Answer
  • Core Needle Biopsy
  • Vacuum Needle Biopsy
  • Fine Needle Aspiration
  • Immediate Surgical Excision of Lesions

Question 10

Question
In which breast structures do Ductal Carcinoma In Situ originate?
Answer
  • Terminal Duct Lobular Unit
  • Lactiferous Duct
  • Lactiferous Sinus
  • Sub-areolar structures
  • Breast Vasculature

Question 11

Question
Ductal carcinoma in situ is typically [blank_start]unicentric (affects single duct system)[blank_end]
Answer
  • unicentric (affects single duct system)
  • multicentric (multiple duct systems)

Question 12

Question
[blank_start]Ductal Carcinoma in situ[blank_end] = Confined within the basement membrane of the duct [blank_start]Invasive Ductal Carcinoma[blank_end] = Breached the basement membrane of the duct
Answer
  • Invasive Ductal Carcinoma
  • Ductal Carcinoma in situ

Question 13

Question
Observe the picture. Which condition are you worried about in this woman? [blank_start]Paget's Disease[blank_end] of the breast
Image:
Picture90 (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Paget's Disease

Question 14

Question
Paget's Disease of the Breast is typically indicative of an underlying [blank_start]Ductal Carcinoma In Situ[blank_end]
Answer
  • Ductal Carcinoma In Situ
  • Invasive Ductal Carcinoma

Question 15

Question
Which of the following are typical signs of Paget's Disease of the Breast?
Answer
  • Involuted nipple
  • Straw-coloured/bloody discharge from nipple
  • Burning pain sensation in nipple
  • Eczema on the nipple
  • Low hanging breast on affected side

Question 16

Question
In the case of high grade ductal neoplasms such as DCIS, growth of the tumour can outpace the development of the blood supply thus leading to the entire duct becoming plugged with cancerous cells which typically become necrosed. This is known as [blank_start]comedo[blank_end] necrosis.
Answer
  • comedo

Question 17

Question
How is Ductal Carcinoma In Situ typically managed?
Answer
  • Surgical excision +/- radiotherapy
  • Reassurance & watchful waiting
  • Core Needle/Vacuum Biopsy to exclude invasive carcinoma then radiotherapy only

Question 18

Question
Which structure is breached in invasive carcinomas? The [blank_start]Basement membrane[blank_end]
Answer
  • Basement membrane

Question 19

Question
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in females
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
Which cancer most commonly affects males? [blank_start]Prostate[blank_end] cancer
Answer
  • Prostate

Question 21

Question
Having a child which a woman subsequently breast feeds significantly reduces her risk of developing breast cancer at a later age.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 22

Question
Nulliparous women are less likely to develop breast cancer
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 23

Question
Risk Factors for Breast Cancer Development: [blank_start]Early[blank_end] menarche [blank_start]Late[blank_end] menopause
Answer
  • Late
  • Early
  • Early
  • Late

Question 24

Question
Hormone therapies such as HRT and the Oral Contraceptive Pill have negligible effects on the risk of breast cancer development
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 25

Question
Women in Western Europe have the highest incidence of breast cancer of any geographical region in the world.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 26

Question
Which of the following has a greater impact on the risk of breast cancer development?
Answer
  • Cigarette Smoking
  • High Alcohol Consumption

Question 27

Question
Which genetic mutations are the most common indicators of breast cancer risk in women? [blank_start]BRCA[blank_end] mutations 1 and 2
Answer
  • BRCA
  • BCRF
  • BCAG

Question 28

Question
Statistically, 1 in every [blank_start]8[blank_end] women will develop breast cancer at some point in their lifetime.
Answer
  • 8
  • 6
  • 12
  • 20

Question 29

Question
Which of the following is the most common invasive breast carcinoma?
Answer
  • Ductal
  • Lobular
  • Tubular
  • Mucinous
  • Medullary

Question 30

Question
Which of the following is the second most common invasive breast carcinoma?
Answer
  • Ductal
  • Lobular
  • Mucinous
  • Tubular
  • Medullary

Question 31

Question
Which lymph nodes do breast carcinomas typically metastasize to?
Answer
  • Axillary
  • Para-aortic
  • Abdominal
  • Internal Mammary
  • Supraclavicular

Question 32

Question
The [blank_start]sentinel[blank_end] lymph node is the hypothetical first lymph node or group of nodes in which a tumour drains.
Answer
  • sentinel

Question 33

Question
The more hormone receptors an invasive carcinoma has, the better its prognosis.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 34

Question
In terms of hormone receptors, 80% of invasive breast carcinomas are positive for [blank_start]oestrogen[blank_end] receptors and 67% are positive for [blank_start]progesterone[blank_end] receptors
Answer
  • progesterone
  • oestrogen

Question 35

Question
[blank_start]Tamoxifen[blank_end] is an anti-oestrogen prodrug which when given gives rise to compounds which act as oestrogen receptor antagonists, thus preventing the growth and proliferation of cancer cells.
Answer
  • Tamoxifen

Question 36

Question
Tamoxifen should not be given to those with non-invasive breast cancer (e.g. DCIS)
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 37

Question
The primary treatment for invasive breast cancers such as Invasive Ductal Carcinoma is hormone adjuvant therapy
Answer
  • True
  • False
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